Assertion (A): The origin of the feudal system in ancient India can be traced to military campaigns. Reason (R): There was considerable expansion of the feudal system during the Gupta period.
✓ Correct answer: b) Both A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
ExplanationThe feudal system in ancient India was a socio- economic and political structure characterized by a hierarchy of landownership and obligations, where land was held in exchange for service, primarily military or administrative.Assertion(A) is true: The feudal system, a hierarchical system of land-use and protection, originated in ancient India due to military campaigns.This is true because, during wars and conquests, victorious rulers granted land to military officers and local chiefs as a reward for their service.These landholders, called samantas, later became hereditary lords, leading to the emergence of feudal structures.Reason (R) is also true: During the post Mauryan and Gupta period feudal system became the main state apparatus as the Guptas granted large land tracts (agraharas and bhukti) to Brahmins, officers, and feudatories (samantas).These landholders gained administrative and military control, further decentralizing power.Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of Assertion(A): Feudal system expanded through other factors, not simply the Gupta period .The emergence
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