With reference to Indian history, consider the following pairs: (UPSC-2022) Historical person: Known as1. Aryadeva Jaina scholar2. Dignaga Buddhist scholar3. Nathamuni Vaishnava scholar How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
✓ Correct answer: c) Only two pairs
ExplanationOnly two pairs Pair 1 is not correctly matched: Āryadeva was a Mahayana Buddhist monk, a disciple of Nagarjuna and a Madhyamaka philosopher.After Nagarjuna, he is considered to be the next most important figure of the Indian Madhyamaka school.His writings are important sources of Madhyamaka in both East Asian Buddhism and in Tibetan Buddhism. Āryadeva is also known as Kanadeva, recognized as the 15th patriarch in Chan Buddhism and some Sinhalese sources also mention an elder (thera) called Deva which may also be the same person.He is known for his association with the Nalanda monastery in modern-day Bihar, India.Pair 2 is correctly matched: Dignāga, Buddhist logician and author of the Pramāṇasamuccaya (“Compendium of the Means of True Knowledge”), a work that laid the foundations of Buddhist logic.Dignāga gave a new definition of “perception”: knowledge that is free from all conceptual constructions, including name and class concepts.Dignāga’s tradition was further developed in the 7th century by Dharmakīrti.Pair 3 correctly matched: Sri Ranganathamuni, popularly known as Sriman Nathamuni (823 CE–951 CE), was a Vaishnava theologian who collected and compiled the Nalayira Divya Prabandham.Considered the first of Sri Vaishnava āchāryās, Nathamuni is also the author of Yogarahasya and Nyāyatattva.
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