With reference to the history of Ancient India, which of the following was/were common to both Buddhism and Jainism? (UPSC-2012) 1. Avoidance of extremities of penance and enjoyment 2. Indifference to the authority of Vedas 3. Denial of the efficacy of rituals Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Question

YESPYQ · Accepted Answer

Correct answer: 2 and 3 only. Ans: B Exp: Statement 1 is incorrect: Buddhism professed a middle path, and avoidance of extremities of penance and enjoyment whereas Jainism advocated extreme penance and asceticism. Statements 2 and 3 are correct: Buddhism and Jainism rejected the idea of grand rituals along with the authority of Vedas and Priests. They both believe in the concept of reincarnation. Extra Edge: Similarities between Buddhism and Jainism: Both were influenced by the Upanishads’ ideology as well as that of other Hindu religious groups. For instance, salvation is the ultimate aim of life. Both groups welcomed members from various social classes while also catering to the socially outcast. Both believed that Nirvana, or salvation, frees one from the cycle of perpetual birth and death. Both placed more emphasis on moral principles than on engaging in ritualistic behaviour or paying homage to and worshiping God.

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