Consider the following statements:1. Agricultural soils release nitrogen oxides into the environment.2. Cattle release ammonia into the environment.3. Poultry industry releases reactive nitrogen compounds into the environment.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
✓ Correct answer: d) 1, 2 and 3
ExplanationAs per the Indian Nitrogen Assessment report, 2017, the share of agriculture in total GHG emissions has gradually de- clined from 28% in 1994 to 14% in 2016. Agricultural emissions in India are primarily from the livestock sector (54.6%) and the use of nitrogenous fertilizers (19%).Rice cultivation in anaerobic conditions accounts for a major portion of agricultural emissions (17.5%).Statement 1 is correct: Agricultural soils release nitrogen ox- ides into the environmentFertilizers (especially nitrogen-based like urea) lead to the emission of nitrous oxide (N₂O), a greenhouse gas.Microbial processes such as nitrification and denitrification release NO, NO₂, and N₂O.Statement 2 is correct: Cattle release ammonia into the envi- ronmentCattle excrete urea in urine, which breaks down into ammonia (NH₃) through microbial action.Livestock farming is a major contributor to ammonia emissions.Statement 3 is correct: Poultry industry releases reactive nitro- gen compounds into the environmentPoultry litter (manure, bedding material, and feed waste) contains nitrogen compoun
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