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🌱 Environment & EcologyUPSC 2022Sustainable Development

Which of the following are nitrogen-fixing plants?1. Alfalfa2. Amaranth3. Chickpea4. Clover5. Purslane (Kulfa)6. SpinachSelect the correct answer using the code given below:

a1, 3 and 4 only
b1, 3, 5 and 6 only
c2, 4, 5 and 6 only
d1, 2, 4, 5 and 6
✓ Correct answer: a) 1, 3 and 4 only
ExplanationAlfalfa, chickpea, and clover are nitrogen-fixing plants.They belong to the leguminous family and form symbi- otic associations with Rhizobium bacteria in their root nodules, aiding in nitrogen fixation and enriching soil fertility.Amaranth, purslane (Kulfa), and spinach, are non-legumi- nous plants and lack the ability to fix nitrogen as they do not form symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria or develop root nodules.This natural ability of legumes like al- falfa, chickpea, and clover to fix nitrogen is extensively utilized in crop rotation practices to replenish soil nutrients and enhance agricultural productivity.2

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