In the context of solving pollution problems, what is/are the advantage/advantages of bioremediation techniques?1. It is a technique for cleaning up pollution by enhancing the same biodegradation process that occurs in nature.2. Any contaminant with heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can be readily and completely treated by bioremediation using microorganisms.3. Genetic engineering can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for bioremediation.Select the correct answer using the code given below:
✓ Correct answer: c) 1 and 3 only
ExplanationBioremediation is a branch of biotechnology that em- ploys the use of living organisms in the removal of contaminants, pollutants, and toxins from soil, water, and other environments.These organisms can include microbes and bacteria.As a result, compared to other cleanup techniques, bioremediation causes less disruption to the neighbourhood communities.Statement 1 is correct: Bioremediation uses naturally occurring organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or non-toxic substances.Statement 2 is incorrect: Not all contaminants are easily treated by bioremediation using microorganisms.For eg.Heavy metals such as cadmium and lead are not readily absorbed or captured by microorganisms.Statement 3 is correct: The use of genetic engineering to cre- ate organisms specifically designed for bioremediation has great potential.For e.g. Alcanivorax, a bacteria with oil-eating abili- ties, can be used to create species that are much more capable of cleaning oil spills.Types of Bioremediation:Aerobic Bioremediation: Requires oxygen for microbial reactions, where bact
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