National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) Explained

By YESPYQ · Updated July 2026 · 4 min read
Quick answer

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act to protect and promote human rights in India.

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act to protect and promote human rights in India.

Composition

It is a multi-member body headed by a chairperson (a former Chief Justice of India or Supreme Court judge) and includes other members with relevant expertise.

Powers

The NHRC can inquire into human-rights violations, but its recommendations are advisory, not binding — it cannot directly punish violators.

Why it matters for UPSC

The NHRC's statutory (not constitutional) status, its 1993 establishment and its recommendatory powers are commonly tested Polity facts.

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Frequently asked questions

Is the NHRC a constitutional body?

No. The NHRC is a statutory body established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.

Are NHRC recommendations binding?

No. Its recommendations are advisory in nature.