With reference to Mughal India, what is/are the difference/differences between Jagirdar and Zamindar? (UPSC 2019) 1. Jagirdars were holders of land assignments in lieu of judicial and police duties, whereas Zamindars were holders of revenue rights without obligation to perform any duty other than revenue collection. 2. Land assignments to Jagirdars were hereditary and revenue rights or Zamindars were not hereditary. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

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Correct answer: Neither 1 nor 2. Ans: D Exp: The holder of the land was termed Zamindar. They have hereditary rights over the land. The primary responsibility of zamindars was to collect revenue and deposit it in the royal treasury. Law and order were another duty imposed on zamindars in their jurisdictions. The local zamindars handled the police and judicial duties. The Jagirdari system, the system of assignment of revenue of a particular territory to the nobles for their services to the state was an integral part of the Mansabdari system. A jagir did not confer any hereditary rights on the holder, or disturb any of the existing rights in the area. It only meant that the land revenue due to the state was to be paid to the jagirdar. Hence, both the statements I and II are incorrect.

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