In the areas covered under the Panchayat (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996, what is the role/power of Gram Sabha?1. Gram Sabha has the power to prevent alienation of land in the Scheduled Areas.2. Gram Sabha has the ownership of minor forest produce.3. Recommendation of Gram Sabha is required for granting prospecting licence or mining lease for any mineral in the Scheduled Areas.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1 and 2 only
ExplanationPESA 1996. is a vital instrument in promoting participatory democracy and inclusive development in tribal areas.PESA Act, 1996: Key Features1. Applies to Schedule V Areas: Extends Panchayati Raj provisions to tribal areas.2. Empowers Gram Sabha (Section 4): Authority over resources, land, markets, and dispute resolution.3. Recognizes Tribal Rights: Protects customs, traditions, and resource management.4. Prevents Exploitation: Requires community consent for land acquisition and mining.5. Promotes Self-Governance: Decentralizes power to tribal communities.Statement 1 is correct: Under Section 4(m)(iii) of PESA 1996. Gram Sabha has the power to prevent alienation of land and to restore any unlawfully alienated land of a scheduled tribe.Statement 2 is correct: The Gram Sabha, under the PESA Act, was granted wide-ranging powers, including consultation on land acquisition, ownership of minor forest produce, and the right to be consulted on leasing of minor minerals in Scheduled Areas.Statement 3 is incorrect: As per Section 4(k) and 4(l) of the PESA Act, the Gram Sabha must be co
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