Rainbow is produced when sunlight falls on drops of rain. Which of the following physical phenomena are responsible for this?1. Dispersion2. Refraction3. Internal reflectionSelect the correct answer using the codes given below:
✓ Correct answer: d) 1, 2 and 3
ExplanationA rainbow is formed when sunlight interacts with raindrops in the atmosphere, and this process involves three key physical phenomena: dispersion, refraction, and internal reflection.Dispersion occurs as sunlight, which consists of multiple colors, is separated into its constituent wavelengths when it passes through a raindrop, with each color bending by a different angle.Refraction takes place at the interface of air and water when sunlight enters the raindrop, causing the light to bend due to a change in its speed.This bending happens twice—first as the light enters the drop and again as it exits.Internal reflection occurs when the light, after being refracted, reflects off the inner surface of the raindrop.The combined effect of these phenomena results in the formation of a colorful arc in the sky, known as a rainbow.192
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