Consider the following kinds of organisms:1. Bacteria2. Fungi3. Flowering plants Some species of which of the above kinds of organisms employ biopesticides?
✓ Correct answer: d) 1, 2 and 3
ExplanationBiopesticides are various biologically active natural substances that exist in nature and have inhibitory effects on crop diseases and insect pests.In general, the creation of biopesticide depends to a large extent on biological resources.Option (d) is correct: Three major classes of biopesticides are: Class of Biopesticides Description Examples Microbial Pesticides Consist of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa) as active ingredients for pest control.These may be naturally occurring, dead or alive, or genetically engineered.Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) – produces toxins harmful to specific insects.Fungal Biopesticides Some fungi act as biopesticides by infecting and killing pests.Entomopathogenic fungi target insects, while others combat plant pathogens.Entomopathogenic fungi – infect and kill insects.Plant- Incorporated- Protectants (PIPs) Pesticidal substances that plants produce from inserted genetic material.Genetically modified corn and cotton, Neem oil (Azadirachta indica) – possesses insecticidal properties.45
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