With reference to agriculture in India, how can the technique of ‘genome sequencing’, often seen in the news, be used in the immediate future? 1. Genome sequencing can be used to identify genetic markers for disease resistance and drought tolerance in various crop plants. 2. This technique helps in reducing the time required to develop new varieties of crop plants. 3. It can be used to decipher the host pathogen relationships in crops. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

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YESPYQ · Accepted Answer

Correct answer: 1, 2 and 3. Genome sequencing is the process of determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism’s genome by identifying the precise order of nucleotides—adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G)—that make up its genetic material. This comprehensive analysis provides critical insights into an organism’s genetic information, including variations, mutations, and functional elements such as genes and regulatory regions. Statement 1 is correct: Genome sequencing can be used to identify specific genes or genetic markers in crops that confer resistance to diseases or tolerance to environmental stresses like drought. This allows plant breeders to select plants with these beneficial traits and accelerate crop improvement. Science and Technology 533 Statement 2 is correct: Genome sequencing speeds up the breeding process. Instead of relying on traditional trial- and-error methods to cross plants, scientists can use genome information to make more precise genetic selections. Statement 3 is correct: Genome sequencing can also help researchers understand how cro

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