Consider the following statements: As per 2001 Census1. The two States with the lowest sex ratio are Haryana and Punjab2. The two States with the lowest population per sq km. of area are Meghalaya and Mizoram3. Kerala has both the highest literacy rate and sex ratioWhich of the statements given above is/are correct?
✓ Correct answer: d) 1 and 3
ExplanationStatement 1 is correct : The sex ratio is a demographic measure used to assess the number of females per 1,000 males in a population.It is an important indicator of gender balance and social development within a region or country.As per the Census of India 2001, the sex ratio (number of females per 1,000 males) in Haryana was 861 and in Punjab was 876. Both states had sex ratios below the national average of 933, reflecting a histor- ical preference for male children and gender imbalance.Both the states have improved their sex ratio as per the census 2011 with Haryana at 879 and Punjab at 895. Statement 2 is incorrect : The two states with the lowest pop- ulation density as per the 2001 census are Arunachal Pradesh (13 per sqKM) and Mizoram (42 per sqKM), not Meghalaya and Mizoram.Currently Arunachal Pradesh is still the least dense Indian state at 17 people per sqKM as per the 2011 census.Statement 3 is correct : As per the Census of India 2001, Ker- ala recorded both the highest literacy rate (90.92%) and the highest sex ratio ( 1,058 females per 1,000 males) among all Indian
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