In the Union Budget 2011-12, a full exemption from the basic customs duty was extended to the bio-based asphalt (bioasphalt). What is the importance of this material?1. Unlike traditional asphalt, bio- asphalt is not based on fossil fuels.2. Bioasphalt can be made from non- renewable resources.3. Bioasphalt can be made from organic waste materials.4. It is eco-friendly to use bioasphalt for surfacing of the roads.Which of the statements given above are correct ?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1. 3 and 4 only
ExplanationStatement 1 is correct : Bio-asphalt is not derived from fossil fuels but from renewable biomass sources like plant-based oils, algae, and bio-waste.This makes it a sus- tainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based asphalt.Statement 2 is incorrect : The claim that bio-asphalt is made from non-renewable resources is wrong because its raw ma- terials come from renewable sources such as biomass and or- ganic waste.Unlike conventional asphalt, which relies on finite petroleum reserves, bio-asphalt can be continuously replen- ished.Statement 3 is correct: Bio-asphalt can be produced from or- ganic waste materials, such as agricultural residues, used cooking oil, and forestry waste.This reduces waste accumu- lation and promotes circular economy practices by repurpos- ing waste into construction materials.Statement 4 is correct: Using bio-asphalt lowers greenhouse gas emissions as it reduces dependency on fossil fuels and uti- lizes carbon-sequestering biomass.It contributes to sustain- able road infrastructure, aligning with global efforts to reduce carbon footprints in cons
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