🏛️ History & Art-CultureUPSC 2001British Policies in India

Under the Permanent Settlement, 1793, the Zamindars are required to issue pattas to the farmers which were not issued by many of the Zamindars. The reason was:

athe Zamindars were trusted by the farmers.
bthere was no official check upon the Zamindars.
cit was the responsibility of the British government.
dthe farmers were not interested in getting pattas.
✓ Correct answer: b) there was no official check upon the Zamindars.
ExplanationThe Permanent Settlement of 1793, introduced by Lord Cornwallis.It fixed land revenue that zamindars had to pay to the British government permanently.While it aimed to create a loyal class of landlords, it led to peasant exploitation and failure to issue pattas (land agreements) to farmers due to a lack of effective oversight.The zamindars often did not issue pattas because there was no effective supervision or enforcement by the British government, leaving farmers vulnerable to exploitation.229

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