🏛️ History & Art-CultureUPSC 2016British Policies in India

The plan of Sir Stafford Cripps envisaged that after the Second World War:

aIndia should be granted complete independence
bIndia should be partitioned into two before granting independence
cIndia should be made a republic with the condition that she will join the Commonwealth
dIndia should be given Dominion status Modern History 99
✓ Correct answer: b) India should be partitioned into two before granting independence
ExplanationThe Gandhi Salt Satyagraha (1930) was a non-violent protest against the British monopoly on salt production and its heavy taxation.Led by Mahatma Gandhi, it involved the famous Salt March to Dandi, symbolizing defiance against British colonial rule and mobilizing mass support for India’s independence movement.Such symbolic marches were organised throughout India.C Rajagopalachari organised a march from Tiruchirapalli to Vedaranniyam on Tanjore coast.Annie Besant (1847–1933) – A British socialist and theosophist who championed India's self-rule, she founded the Home Rule League (1916) and became the first woman president of the Indian National Congress (1917).She actively promoted education, theosophy, and Indian nationalism.V.O. Chidambaram Pillai (1872–1936) – A freedom fighter and nationalist from Tamil Nadu, he founded the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company (1906) to challenge British shipping dominance.He was imprisoned for his involvement in the Swadeshi Movement and is often called "Kappalottiya Tamizhan" (The Tamil Helmsman).115

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