Consider the following regions :1. Eastern Himalayas2. Eastern Mediterranean region3. North-Western AustraliaWhich of the above is/are Biodiversity Hotspot(s)?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1 and 2 only
ExplanationBiodiversity hotspots are regions with exceptional levels of plant and animal endemism that are under significant threat.Options 1 and 2 are correct : Among the given regions, the Eastern Himalayas, encompassing parts of Nepal, Bhutan, In- dia, and China, and the Eastern Mediterranean Region qualify as biodiversity hotspots.These regions harbour a remarkable di- versity of life, including numerous species found nowhere else on Earth.However, threats like deforestation, habitat loss, and climate change pose significant risks to this precious ecosystem.The Eastern Himalayas region supports iconic species like the Bengal tiger, Asian elephant, red panda, and greater one-horned rhinoceros.The Eastern Himalayas’ rich biodiversity arises from its unique geography at the intersection of three biogeographical realms: Indo-Malayan, Palaearctic, and Sino-Japanese.The Eastern Mediterranean is part of the larger Mediterranean Basin biodiversity hotspot, one of the richest and most threatened regions globally.The region also supports diverse wildlife, including migratory birds, reptile
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