What are the benefits of implementing the ‘Integrated Watershed Development Programme?1. Prevention of soil runoff2. Linking the country’s perennial rivers with seasonal rivers3. Rainwater harvesting and recharge of groundwater table4. Regeneration of natural vegetationSelect the correct answer using the code given below:
✓ Correct answer: c) 1, 3 and 4 only
ExplanationOption 1 is correct: The Integrated Watershed Devel- opment Programme (IWDP) emphasizes soil conservation measures to prevent erosion and runoff.By implementing techniques such as terracing, contour plowing, and afforestation, the programme aims to maintain soil health and fertility, thereby enhancing agricultural productivity.Option 2 is incorrect: The IWDP does not encompass river interlinking projects.Its focuses is on watershed management at the micro-level which aims to conserve soil and water within specific catchment areas.River interlinking is a separate initia- tive under India’s National Perspective Plan which seeks to transfer water from surplus to deficit regions through large-scale infrastructure projects.Option 3 is correct: The IWDP emphasizes rainwater har- vesting and groundwater recharge through the construction of check dams, percolation tanks, and farm ponds.These struc- tures help capture rainwater, allowing it to percolate into the ground and recharge aquifers.This is particularly important in rainfed and arid regions where groundwater levels are critical
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