Consider the following climatic and geographical phenomena :1. Condensation2. High temperature and humidity3. Orography4. Vertical wind Thunder cloud development is due to which of these phenomena?
✓ Correct answer: d) 1, 2 , 3 and 4 Geography 353
ExplanationThundercloud development, specifically cumulonim- bus clouds, is influenced by various climatic and geographical factors.Statement 1 is correct : Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and turns into liquid water droplets.For condensation to occur, the air must be saturated, and cooling must take place.This forms clouds, and in the case of thunderstorms, the towering cumulonimbus clouds.These clouds result from intense condensation when warm, moist air rises and cools.Statement 2 is correct : High temperatures near the Earth’s surface heat the air, causing it to become lighter and rise (con- vection).Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor in the air.When the air is warm and moist, it carries more energy, which is essential for unstable atmospheric conditions.These con- ditions fuel the upward movement of air masses, leading to the formation of thunderclouds.Statement 3 is correct : Orography refers to the influence of mountains and terrain on weather patterns.When air is forced to rise over mountains (called orographic lift- ing), it
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