With reference to the history of philosophical thought in India, consider the following statements regarding Sankhya school:1. Sankhya does not accept the theory of rebirth or transmigration of the soul.2. Sankhya holds that it is the self-knowledge that leads to liberation and not any exterior influence or agent.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
✓ Correct answer: b) 2 only
ExplanationThe Indian schools of orthodox philosophy (Āstika) include Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Sankhya, Yoga, Mimamsa, and Vedanta, all of which accept the authority of the Vedas.These schools emphasize reasoning, metaphysical principles, and the pursuit of liberation through knowledge, ethics, and meditation.Statement 1 is incorrect: While Samkhya accepts rebirth (or samsara) and acknowledges that the soul’s entanglement with Prakriti results in repeated cycles of reincarnation, it does not emphasize karma in the same way as the systems that directly teach the law of cause and effect leading to future rebirths.Samkhya philosophy is dualistic and not monistic because it has two entities, Purush (spirit) and Prakriti (nature).Statement 2 is correct: Samkhya emphasizes the attainment of knowledge of the self by means of concentration and meditation.It believes that after you have ‘died’ in this life you will go through a process of rebirth where depending on your actions in your former life your status will be decided.Liberation (moksha) occurs when the Purusha realizes its distinct nature from
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