Modern Indian History
250 solved SSC CGL History previous year questions on Modern Indian History, each with the correct answer and a full explanation.
Q1
The first Europeans to come to India were
✓ Correct answer: d) Portuguese
ExplanationThe Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in India and the last to leave.In c. 1498 CE, Vasco da Gama of Portugal discovered a new sea route from Europe to India.In 1453, the Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople and this brought the regular trade routes under the control of the Turks.This urged the Europeans to search for new trade routes, especially by sea.Hence, the correct answer is "Portuguese".
Q2
Do or Die' is associated with which of the movements in India's freedom struggle ?
✓ Correct answer: d) Quit India Movement
ExplanationThe slogan "Do or Die" is associated with the Quit India Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942. Here's a more detailed explanation: Context: During World War II, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement (also known as the August Movement) demanding an end to British rule in India.Slogan: In his Quit India speech on August 8, 1942, at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay, Gandhi urged people to "Do or Die".Significance: The slogan "Do or Die" reflected the Indian people's determination to achieve independence from British rule at any cost.Other Movements: Dandi March: This was a civil disobedience movement led by Gandhi to protest the British salt monopoly.Non-Cooperation Movement: This was a widespread civil disobedience campaign launched by Gandhi in 1920 to boycott British institutions and products.Khilafat Movement: This movement protested against the British government's actions regarding the Ottoman Empire.Hence, the correct answer is option (D).
Q3
In 1918, Mahatma Gandhi organised a satyagraha to support the peasants of the Kheda district of ______.
✓ Correct answer: c) Gujarat
ExplanationMahatma Gandhi started satyagraha movements in various places after arriving in India.Gandhiji started Satyagraha in the Kheda district of Gujarat in support of the peasants.The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first satyagraha movement led by Mahatma Gandhi.The following year, 1918, Gandhiji was involved in two campaigns in his home state of Gujarat.First, Gandhi JI arose in a labor dispute in Ahmedabad, demanding better working conditions for the textile mill workers.After that, he joined peasants in Kheda in demanding the state for the reduction of taxes following the failure of their harvest.Hence, the correct option is “Gujarat”.
Q4
The queen with the title Didda ruled over which part of India between 980-1003?
✓ Correct answer: b) Kashmir
ExplanationDidda was the daughter of Simharaja who was king of Lohara.Didda ruled over Kashmir from 958 CE to 1003 CE.She was married to the King of Kashmir Ksemagupta to unite the Lohara with her Kingdom of her husband.She first acted as regent for her son and became the sole monarch from 980 CE.Source of information about Didda is Rajtarangini written by Kalhana.Hence, the correct answer is “Kashmir”.
Q5
In which year (in AD) was the East India Company established?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1600
ExplanationThe English East India Company, formally known as “The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies”, was established in 1600 AD.In 1609 AD, William Hawkins visited the court of Jahangir to seek permission to establish a factory at Surat, but he was not successful.In 1613 AD, the English established their first factory at Surat with the permission of the Mughal authorities.In 1615 AD, Sir Thomas Roe visited Jahangir’s court as an ambassador of James I and secured trade privileges for the English in India.Hence, the correct answer is “1600”.
Q6
Arrest of _________ in 1930 led to angry demonstrations in the streets of Peshawar.
✓ Correct answer: a) Abdul Ghaffar Khan
ExplanationArrest of Abdul Ghaffar Khan in 1930 led to angry demonstrations on the streets of Peshawar.Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan led the Khudai Khitmadgar which was a group of Pashtun people committed to removing British rule through non-violence.On 23 April 1930, Ghaffar Khan was arrested for giving a speech in Utmanzai urging resistance to British rule.Abul Kalam Azad was the first Education Minister of India and was awarded Bharat Ratna in 1992 posthumously.Zakir Hussain was the first Muslim President of India and was the third President of India.Hence, the correct answer is Abdul Ghaffar Khan.Muzaffar Ahmed was a politician and was one of the founders of the communist movement in India.Hence, the correct answer is “Abdul Ghaffar Khan”.
Q7
The Poona Pact was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and _____.
✓ Correct answer: d) B. R. Ambedkar
ExplanationThe Poona Pact was an agreement signed on 24th September 1932. It was an understanding reached between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.The pact focused on the reservation of electoral seats for the depressed classes in British India's legislative assemblies.The signing took place at Yerwada Central Jail in Poona, where Gandhi was imprisoned at the time.The agreement aimed to ensure fair representation and upliftment of the depressed classes within the political framework.Hence, the correct answer is "B.R. Ambedkar."
Q8
Lord Cornwallis is known for ____.
✓ Correct answer: a) permanent revenue settlement of Bengal
ExplanationLord Cornwallis took charge as the Commander-in-chief of British India and The Governor- General of Fort William Bengal.He served as the Governor-General of India from 1786 to 1793. He introduced the Permanent settlement system in Bengal and other parts of the country.Warren Hastings attacked the caste system.Sir Thomas Munro introduced the ryotwari settlement in Madras.Principle of Ryotwari Settlement: Direct collection of the land revenue by the government from each individual cultivator termed as "ryots".Hence removing the middlemen.Hence, the correct answer is “permanent revenue settlement of Bengal”.
Q9
During their rule the British persuaded or forced cultivators in Assam to grow
✓ Correct answer: b) Tea
ExplanationDuring their rule, the British forced cultivators in various parts of India to produce crops that could bring economic benefits to their trade in India.They forced farmers to produce tea in Assam wheat in Punjab sugarcane in Uttar Pradesh, cotton in Maharashtra jute in Bengal rice in Madras Though they were commercially benefitted from the same but it had a negative impact on the agricultural land and to the lives of peasants and farmers working on those lands due to very less return.It was also one of the reasons for nationalist movements in India.Hence, the correct answer is “Tea”.
Q10
Who gave the slogan 'Back to the Vedas (Vedo ki aur lauto)'?
✓ Correct answer: b) Dayanand Saraswati
ExplanationSwami Dayanand Saraswati gave the slogan ‘ Back to Vedas.’ Dayanand Saraswati wanted to put society in touch with its roots so going back to vedas was the best way.Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875. He translated the Vedas and wrote three books named Satyartha Prakash, Veda Bhasya & Veda Bhasya Bhumika.Dayanand Anglo Vedic schools were established based on his philosophy.Mission Leader Founder of Sikhism Guru Nanak Ji Ramkrishna Mission Swami Vivekananda Brahmo Samaj Raja Ram Mohan Roy Hence the correct answer is “ Dayanand Saraswati.”
Q11
Who was the founder of Banaras Hindu University?
✓ Correct answer: b) Madan Mohan Malaviya
ExplanationBanaras Hindu University was established by the ‘B.H.U.Act 1915’ in 1916. Madan Mohan Malaviya served as the Vice-Chancellor of BHU from 1919 to 1938. He was a prominent Indian educationist and politician.Malaviya played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.His vision for BHU was to blend traditional Indian education with modern Western learning.Under his leadership, BHU became one of the premier educational institutions in India.Hence, the correct answer is "Madan Mohan Malaviya."
Q12
Who was the pioneer of the Chipko movement of 1973?
✓ Correct answer: c) Sunderlal Bahuguna
ExplanationThe Chipko Movement was started by Sunderlal Bahuguna and the movement picked up pace in 1973. The movement was begun to prevent the cutting of trees.The Chipko Movement followed the Gandhian method of nonviolence and Satyagraha.Sambhaji Bhosale was the eldest son of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire.He was the second Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire.He ruled from 1681 to 1689. Baba Amte was an Indian social worker and activist known mainly for his work in rehabilitating and empowering people suffering from leprosy.Medha Patkar has been a central organizer and strategist for Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA), a people's movement organized to stop the construction of a series of dams planned for India's largest westward-flowing river, the Narmada.Hence, the correct answer is “Sunderlal Bahuguna”.
Q13
Which one is the correct chronological order of the following events? I. Quit India Movement II. Shimla Conference III. Poona Pact IV. Cabinet Mission
✓ Correct answer: c) III, I, II, IV
ExplanationQuit India movement is also known as August Kranti movement and was launched on 8th August 1942 by Mahatma Gandhi demanding an end of British Rule in the country.Shimla Conference was held in 1945 and was convened to agree on Wavell's plan for self Governance for India and to provide separate representation to communal lines.Poona pact was held on 24th September 1932 between Mahatma Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar who accepted that the depressed class is the most discriminated section of Indian society.Cabinet Mission came in 1946 to discuss the transfer of power from the British government to Indian leaders.Hence, the correct answer is “III, I, II, IV”.
Q14
Name the British General who was responsible for the Jallianwalla Bagh massacre.
✓ Correct answer: c) Dyer
ExplanationThe Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, during the British colonial rule in India.Troops of the British Indian Army opened fire on unarmed civilians who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar.The orders to open fire were given by Colonel Reginald Edward Harry Dyer.The incident resulted in a significant loss of life and sparked outrage across India.Dyer's actions were widely condemned, both in India and in Britain, leading to a formal inquiry known as the Hunter Commission.The massacre played a crucial role in shaping the Indian independence movement.Hence, the correct answer is "Dyer."
Q15
During their rule, the British persuaded or forced cultivators in Madras to grow _________.
✓ Correct answer: d) Rice
ExplanationThe British monarch decided that they will use Indian villages to grow crops like wheat, rice, jute, and Tea.These crops were in demand in Britain.Britishres forces Indian farmers to grow Jute in Bengal, Tea in Assam, Sugarcane in Uttar Pradesh, cotton in Maharashtra, and Rice in Madras.Hence, the correct answer is “Rice”.
Q16
Who was the founder of the Ghadar Party?
✓ Correct answer: b) Lala Hardayal
ExplanationThe Ghadar Party was formed in 1913 in the United States and initially, it was known as the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association.The Ghadar Movement was an international political movement started by deported Indians to overthrow British rule in India.It was founded under the leadership of Lala Har Dayal, Sant Baba Wasakha Singh Dadehar, Baba Jawala Singh, Santokh Singh and Sohan Singh Bhakna as its president.Headquarter - San Francisco In 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, many members of the Ghadar party returned to Punjab to incite an armed revolution for Indian Independence.The Ghadar party was formally dissolved in 1948. Hence, the correct answer is “Lala Hardayal”.
Q17
Murshid Quli Khan Alivardi Khan and Sirajuddaullah were all nawabs of ___________
✓ Correct answer: d) Bengal
ExplanationMurshid Quli Khan, Alivaridi Khan, and Sirajuddaullah were nawabs of Bengal.Murshid Quli Khan was the first nawab of Bengal.Alivardi Khan was a nawab of Bengal from 1740-1756. Sirajuddaullah was the last independent Nawab of Bengal.The end of his reign marked the beginning of British East India Company rule over Bengal.Hence, the correct answer is "Bengal".
Q18
Which Governor General abolished the 'Sati System' in India?
✓ Correct answer: c) Lord Wiliam Bentinck
ExplanationLord William Bentinck was the Governor General of India who took significant steps to abolish the Sati system.He issued Regulation XVII in December 1829, which declared the practice of Sati illegal.Sati, the practice where a widow was compelled to self-immolate on her husband's funeral pyre, was prevalent in some parts of India.The regulation not only banned the practice but also made it punishable by law.Bentinck's decision was influenced by both humanitarian considerations and pressures from reformist groups.Hence, the correct answer is "Lord William Bentinck."
Q19
Who was the first Viceroy of India?
✓ Correct answer: a) Lord Canning
ExplanationUnder the Government of India Act of 1858, the power was transferred from the East India Company to the British Crown.The Governor General was given the title of Viceroy.Lord Canning was the first Viceroy of India.His tenure was from 1858-1862. Lord Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India.Lord Curzon is associated with the Partition of Bengal.Lord Wavell was the second last Viceroy and was succeeded by Lord Mountbatten.Hence, the correct answer is “Lord Canning”.
Q20
Which of the following was a leader of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army founded in 1928?
✓ Correct answer: c) Chandra Shekhar Azad
ExplanationHindustan Socialist Republican Army was established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla in New Delhi.Leaders associated with this army were Sukhdev Thapar, Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, etc. Its main leader was Chandrashekhar Azad.This party was initially named as Hindustan Republican Association which was formed by Ram Prasad Bismil in 1923 at Allahabad.Most famous incident by HSRA was the Kakori conspiracy which occurred on 9th August 1925 in which party members looted a train carrying government money near Lucknow.Hence, the correct answer is “Chandra Shekhar Azad”.
Q21
Who raised the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it"?
✓ Correct answer: c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
ExplanationBal Gangadhar Tilak gave the popular slogan, "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it" in the Bombay State Political Conference that was held in 1916. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was popularly known as Lokmanya Tilak.He formed a prominent organization named Deccan Education Society that promotes modern learning.He established Fergusson College at Pune .He, along with Annie Besant, played a remarkable role during the Home Rule Movement (1916-18).Mahratta & Kesari were the two newspapers started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.Hence, the correct answer is "Bal Gangadhar Tilak".
Q22
Gol Gumbaz was designed by?
✓ Correct answer: d) Yaqut of Dabul
ExplanationThe Gol Gumbaz, also called Gol Gumbadh ,was constructed by Adil Shah II.It was designed by an architect Yaqut of Dabul.It is located in Bijapur and in Bijapur it is known as the "Whispering Gallery".The architectural style of Gumbaz is Deccan Indo- Islamic.Hence, the correct answer is “Yaqut of Dabul”.
Q23
Who was the first Governor General of Bengal?
✓ Correct answer: c) Warren Hastings
ExplanationThe first governor-general in India (of Bengal) was Warren Hastings in 1773. He began his career as a writer (clerk) in the East India Company at Calcutta in 1750. Warren Hastings established the revenue board in 1772, aiming for better financial administration.He abolished the dual system of governance, streamlining the administrative structure.In partnership with William Jones, he founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1784 in Calcutta, promoting learning and research.Hastings laid the groundwork for the civil service, which was later reformed and modernized by Lord Cornwallis.Hence, the correct answer is "Warren Hastings".
Q24
Which act ended the "Trade Monopoly" of the East India Company?
✓ Correct answer: d) The Charter Act of 1813
ExplanationThe Regulating Act of 1773 officially, the East India Company Act 1772 was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain that proposed to refurbish the management of the East India Company's rule in India.But the Act did not prove to be a long-term solution to concerns over the company's affairs.So Pitt's India Act was therefore subsequently passed in 1784 as a more radical reform.The East India Company's monopoly over trade with China and tea with India was protected by the Charter Act of 1813, which also eliminated the company's monopoly on trade in India.The East India Company's business was given an additional 20 years of rule.The act gave permission to those who liked to visit India to expand their moral and religious beliefs.It monitored the company's commercial benefits and territorial revenues.It was hoped that it would keep its commercial and territorial accounts independent.The Charter Act of 1833 also called the Saint Helena Act of 1833 or the Government of India Act of 1833. This act was the first act in which natives of India were free to participate in a democratic system of government.Hence, the correct answer is “The Charter Act of 1813”.
Q25
Who led the Bardoli Satyagraha movement?
✓ Correct answer: c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
ExplanationBardoli Satyagraha occurred in 1928 in Gujarat during the British Raj.Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel led the movement.The movement aimed to reduce taxes due to the year's calamities.Patel instructed Bardoli farmers to refuse tax payment and remain non-violent.The struggle sought not only tax cancellation but also the return of seized property.Hence, the correct answer is "Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel."
Q26
In 1918, Mahatma Gandhi went to _________ organise a satyagraha movement amongst cotton mill workers.
✓ Correct answer: d) Ahmedabad
ExplanationMahatma Gandhi organized the Satyagraha movement amongst cotton mill workers at Ahmedabad in 1918. Cotton mill workers were demanding a 50% wage hike but mill owners were willing to give a hike of only 20%.Gandhi went on a hunger strike to support mill workers.As a result, a hike of 35% was given to workers.Champararan Satyagraha of 1917 was the first satyagraha led by Mahatma Gandhi.Kheda Satyagraha of 1918 was the third satyagraha of Gandhiji.Hence, the correct answer is "Ahmedabad."
Q27
Where was the 'Azad Hind Fauj' founded?
✓ Correct answer: a) Singapore
ExplanationThe Azad Hind Fauj, also known as the Indian National Army (INA), was founded in 1942 in Singapore by Mohan Singh.The Azad Hind Fauj was revived by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1943, during World War II with the goal of liberating India from British colonial rule.The INA's initial goal was to recruit Indian soldiers who were prisoners of war or had been captured by the Japanese, but it later expanded to include Indian civilians living in Southeast Asia.Hence, the correct answer is “Singapore”.
Q28
Gol Gumbaz is located in__________.
✓ Correct answer: d) Karnataka
ExplanationGol Gumbaz is located in Jadar Galli, Vijayapura, Karnataka.Mohammed Adil Shah (ruled 1627-1657) built the Gol Gumbaz which is the fourth- largest dome in the world and the largest in India.A particular attraction of the Gol Gambaz is the central chamber, where every sound is echoed seven times.Gol Gumbaz took 29 years to complete and is almost double the size of the Taj Mahal with massive measurements.Hence, the correct answer is “Karnataka”.
Q29
In 1917, which movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi from Champaran?
✓ Correct answer: a) Satyagraha
ExplanationChamparan Satyagraha was the first Satyagraha movement by Mahatma Gandhi in India.It is considered an important revolt in the Indian Freedom Struggle.It was a farmer uprising that took place in Bihar.Farmers were opposing the forced cultivation of indigo.This movement was started in 1917. Non-Cooperation Movement was conducted in 1920-1922 after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.The Quit India movement started on 8 August 1942 by Mahatma Gandhi.The Swadeshi Movement was started on 7th August 1905 to boycott British products.Hence, the correct answer is “Satyagraha”.
Q30
In which year was the Battle of Saragarhi fought?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1897
ExplanationThe year 1897 witnessed the historic Battle of Saragarhi, an epic conflict that took place between British Indian Army soldiers and Afghan tribesmen.It was a significant battle between the British Indian Army and Afghan tribesmen during the Tirah Campaign in the North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan).The battle took place on September 12, 1897, at the Saragarhi outpost, where a small contingent of 21 soldiers from the 36th Sikhs (now the 4th Battalion of the Sikh Regiment) valiantly defended the post against a much larger force of several thousand Afghan tribesmen.The soldiers fought with immense bravery and sacrifice, making it one of the most remarkable last stands in military history.Hence, the correct answer is "1897".
Q31
In which year was the 'Battle of Goa' fought?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1510
ExplanationThe Battle of Goa was fought in the year 1510 between the Portuguese Armada and the Dutch East India Company fleets attempting to blockade and conquer the city of Goa.Afonso de Albuquerque also called Afonso de Albuquerque the Great succeeded Dom Francisco de Almeida as Governor of the Portuguese State of India on November 4, 1509. The Marshal of Portugal Dom Fernando Coutinho who was sent by King Manuel had been ordered to enforce the orderly succession of Albuquerque as Governor.In 1510, the governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque captured the city of Goa and Melaka in the year 1511 on the Malay Peninsula.Hence, the correct answer is "1510".
Q32
The _____ was a group of seven Members of Parliament from the United Kingdom, constituted to suggest constitutional reforms for British India.
✓ Correct answer: d) Simon Commission
ExplanationThe Simon Commission, officially known as the Indian Statutory Commission, was formed in 1927 by the British government to propose constitutional reforms for British India.Sir John Simon, a British politician, led it.The commission consisted of seven members, all of whom were Members of Parliament from the United Kingdom.The purpose of the commission was to assess the progress of constitutional reforms and to recommend changes in governance in India.However, the commission faced strong opposition from Indian political parties and organizations, who criticized the absence of Indian representation.This led to widespread protests and boycotts, marking an important milestone in the Indian independence movement.Hence, the correct answer is "Simon Commission".
Q33
When did Tipu Sultan die at war with the British?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1799
ExplanationTipu Sultan died at war with the British on May 4, 1799. He was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in South India and had been engaged in a long-running conflict with the British East India Company over control of the region.In 1799, a British-led coalition launched a campaign against Tipu Sultan's forces, and after a series of battles, they captured the city of Seringapatam, which was the capital of Mysore.Hence, the correct answer is “1799”.
Q34
Who was the Indian Army Chief at the time of Bangladesh Liberation War?
✓ Correct answer: d) Sam Manekshaw
ExplanationSam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw, also known as Sam Manekshaw, was a distinguished military officer and the first Indian Army officer to be promoted to the rank of Field Marshal.Manekshaw joined the British Indian Army in 1932 and served with distinction during World War II and the Indo- Pakistani War of 1971. He played a crucial role in India's victory in the 1971 war against Pakistan, which led to the creation of Bangladesh.Hence, the correct answer is "Sam Manekshaw".
Q35
In which year did Vasco De Gama land in Calicut (Kozikode)?
✓ Correct answer: d) 1498
ExplanationVasco De Gama landed in Calicut (Kozhikode) on 20th May 1498 and left Calicut on 29 August 1498. He was the first Portuguese sailor who reached India and the person who discovered the sea route to India from Europe.He sailed from Lisbon in Portugal via the Cape of Good Hope and reached Calicut.Hence, the correct answer is "1498".
Q36
The Indian National Association was established in 1876 by in Calcutta.
✓ Correct answer: c) Anand Mohan Bose
ExplanationThe Indian National Association (INA) was a political organization founded by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876. It was one of the earliest Indian political organizations to demand self- government and was formed as a response to the ill-treatment of Indian subjects by the British colonial government.The INA was active in Kolkata, then the capital of British India, and it held meetings and published a newspaper called "The Indian Nation".The INA was instrumental in organizing the first session of the Indian National Congress in 1885 and many of its members went on to become prominent leaders of the Indian independence movement.The organization was dissolved in 1887, but its legacy lived on in the Indian nationalist movement.Hence, the correct answer is "Ananda Mohan Bose".
Q37
When was the 'Battle of Tukaroi' fought?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1575
ExplanationThe 'Battle of Tukaroi' was fought in the year 1575. It was a significant conflict that took place in the Indian subcontinent during the reign of Emperor Akbar.The battle was fought between the Mughal Empire, led by Akbar, and the combined forces of the Afghan tribes led by Daud Khan.The Afghan tribes were attempting to challenge Mughal authority in the region.The battle resulted in a decisive victory for the Mughals, consolidating their control over the region.The victory at the Battle of Tukaroi further solidified Akbar's rule and marked a turning point in the Mughal Empire's expansion in the Indian subcontinent.Hence, the correct answer is "1575".
Q38
The Aligarh Movement was started by___.
✓ Correct answer: d) Syed Ahmed Khan
ExplanationSyed Ahmed Khan took the initiative to initiate the Aligarh Movement.Syed Ahmed Khan, a notable figure in 19th-century India, played significant roles as a Muslim reformer, philosopher, and educationalist.He believed in the importance of modern education and social reforms for the upliftment of the Muslim community.In 1875, Syed Ahmed Khan founded the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (now Aligarh Muslim University), which became the center of the Aligarh Movement.The movement aimed to promote education, social reforms, and the empowerment of Muslims through modern knowledge and skills.Syed Ahmed Khan's efforts played a significant role in the development of a modern Muslim identity in India.Hence, the correct answer is "Syed Ahmed Khan".
Q39
The East India Company sent Captain William Hawkins to the court of Emperor______ in 1608 to seek permission to open a factory at Surat.
✓ Correct answer: d) Jahangir
ExplanationIn 1608, the East India Company dispatched Captain William Hawkins to the court of Emperor Jahangir, the fourth Mughal emperor of India, to seek permission to establish a factory in Surat.The mission marked an important milestone in the early British interactions with the Mughal Empire.Captain Hawkins presented gifts and letters from King James I of England to Jahangir, attempting to secure trade privileges.While the negotiations were not entirely successful in obtaining favorable terms, they established a diplomatic and commercial connection between the British and the Mughal Empire, laying the groundwork for future British presence and trade in India.Hence, the correct answer is "Jahangir".
Q40
The Victoria Memorial, conceived by Lord Curzon, represents the architectural climax of _________ city.
✓ Correct answer: b) Kolkata
ExplanationThe Victoria Memorial is indeed an iconic landmark in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), India, and it was conceived during the tenure of Lord Curzon as the Viceroy and Governor-General of India.It was built between 1906 and 1921 as a tribute to Queen Victoria.British architect Sir William Emerson designed the memorial in the Indo- Saracenic architectural style, which combines elements of British and Mughal architecture.Lord Curzon, whose full name was George Nathaniel Curzon, was a British statesman and colonial administrator who served as the Viceroy and Governor- General of India from 1899 to 1905. He implemented administrative reforms, including the division of Bengal into East Bengal and West Bengal.Hence, the correct answer is “Kolkata”.
Q41
_____ is well-known for the golden beautification of the Harmandir Sahib Gurdwara in Amritsar, famously known as the Golden Temple.
✓ Correct answer: b) Ranjit Singh
ExplanationRanjit Singh, the legendary Sikh ruler, is renowned for the golden beautification of the Harmandir Sahib Gurdwara in Amritsar, commonly known as the Golden Temple.During his reign in the early 19th century, Ranjit Singh ordered the gurdwara's upper floors and domes to be covered in gold leaf, giving it a striking appearance.This act of opulent adornment was aimed at enhancing the spiritual significance and grandeur of the sacred site.The Golden Temple stands as a symbol of Sikhism and serves as a significant pilgrimage destination for Sikhs around the world, attracting millions of visitors who are mesmerized by its majestic golden exterior.Hence, the correct answer is "Ranjit Singh".
Q42
On March 23rd, India observes _____-day/divas as a tribute to Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru on their death anniversary.
✓ Correct answer: b) Shaheed Divas
ExplanationBhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were revolutionary freedom fighters who played a significant role in India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule.On March 23, 1931, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were hanged in Lahore Central Jail for their involvement in the murder of John Saunders, a British police officer.Their execution had a profound impact on the Indian independence movement and inspired many to continue the struggle for freedom.Bhagat Singh was in the village of Banga in the Punjab region.He was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).Sukhdev Thapar was born in Ludhiana, Punjab. he was a member of the HSRA and played a key role in the Lahore Conspiracy Case.Shivaram Rajguru was born in the village of Khed in Maharashtra.He was also a member of the HSRA and was involved in several revolutionary activities in the country.Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru are remembered as national heroes in India and are considered martyrs for their sacrifice in the fight for India's independence.Hence, the correct answer is “Shaheed Divas”.
Q43
The movement of the local farmers of Bardoli in Gujarat against the British in 1928 was led by______
✓ Correct answer: a) Vallabhbhai Patel
ExplanationVallabhbhai Patel was the leader of the local farmers' movement in Bardoli, Gujarat, which emerged as a powerful resistance against the British in 1928. The Bardoli Satyagraha was a significant nonviolent protest organized by Vallabhbhai Patel and his colleagues in response to the oppressive policies and high land taxes imposed by the British Raj.Vallabhbhai Patel, who later became the first Deputy Prime Minister and the first Minister of Home Affairs of independent India, played a crucial role in mobilizing the farmers and leading the successful resistance against the British authorities.His leadership during the Bardoli Satyagraha earned him the title of "Sardar" or "The Iron Man of India." Hence, the correct answer is "Vallabhbhai Patel".
Q44
Which one of the following was NOT a condition laid down in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
✓ Correct answer: c) Withdrawal of tax on khadi production
ExplanationThe Gandhi-Irwin Pact, also known as the Delhi Pact, was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, the Viceroy of India, on 5th March 1931. The pact aimed to end the Civil Disobedience Movement and promote dialogue between the Indian National Congress and the British government.It included several conditions, such as the Indian National Congress agreeing to stop the civil disobedience movement, participation in the Round Table Conference, and the release of political prisoners.However, the withdrawal of tax on khadi production was not specifically mentioned as a condition in the pact.The pact marked an important step in the Indian freedom struggle and paved the way for further negotiations.Hence, the correct answer is "Withdrawal of tax on khadi production".
Q45
Mitra Mela was a revolutionary organisation founded by Veer Savarkar in the year___.
✓ Correct answer: d) 1899
ExplanationMitra Mela was a revolutionary organization founded by Veer Savarkar in the year 1899. Veer Savarkar was an Indian independence activist and a prominent figure in the Indian nationalist movement.Mitra Mela aimed to promote patriotism, national unity, and social reform among Indian youth.It played a significant role in mobilizing and inspiring young revolutionaries for the cause of Indian independence.The organization emphasized the need for self-defense and self-reliance, and its members actively participated in various nationalist activities during the British colonial rule in India.Hence, the correct answer is "1899".
Q46
In which year was the East India Company incorporated for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1600
ExplanationIn 1600, the East India Company acquired a charter from the ruler of England, Queen Elizabeth I ,granting it the sole right to trade with the East.This meant that no other trading group in England could compete with the East India Company.With this charter, the Company could venture across the oceans, looking for new lands from which it could buy goods at a cheap price, and carry them back to Europe to sell at higher prices.Mercantile trading companies in those days made profit primarily by excluding competition, so that they could buy cheap and sell dear.Hence, the correct answer is "1600".
Q47
The First Anglo-Burmese War ended with the signing of the ______.
✓ Correct answer: a) Treaty of Yandabo
ExplanationThe first Anglo-Burmese War was fought between 5 March 1824 to 24 February 1826. Britain won this war against the Burmese empire.Briths won the war after the death of Burmese General Bandaula in the Battle of Ava.This war ended with 'The Treaty of Yandabo.' It was the beginning of British rule in Burma.A total of three wars were fought between the Britishers and the Burmese Empire.Hence, the correct answer is"Treaty of Yandabo."
Q48
Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose founded____ in Bengal in 1876.
✓ Correct answer: b) Indian Association
ExplanationSurendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose founded the Indian Association in Bengal in 1876. The Indian Association was a political organization aimed at addressing the social, political, and economic issues faced by the Indian people under British rule.It played a significant role in the Indian nationalist movement and worked towards promoting national consciousness and advocating for political reforms.The association provided a platform for the Indian intelligentsia to discuss and address pressing issues, and it played a crucial role in mobilizing public opinion and fostering unity among Indians in their struggle for freedom and self- governance.Hence, the correct answer is "Indian Association".
Q49
Opium wars were fought between the British and____.
✓ Correct answer: a) China
ExplanationThe Opium Wars were a series of conflicts between the British Empire and China in the 19th century.The wars were primarily triggered by disputes over trade, specifically the British importation of opium into China.The British desired to maintain their lucrative opium trade, while the Chinese government sought to prohibit it due to its detrimental effects on society.The First Opium War took place from 1839 to 1842, resulting in British victory and the Treaty of Nanjing.The Second Opium War occurred from 1856 to 1860, concluding with the Treaty of Tientsin.These wars had significant consequences for China, including territorial losses, economic impositions, and a weakened central government.Hence, the correct answer is "China".
Q50
As a reaction to Rowlatt Act, _________ was organised as National Humiliation Day.
✓ Correct answer: b) 6th April 1919
ExplanationNational Humiliation Day was organized on 6th April 1919 as a reaction to Rowlatt Act.Rowlatt Act was also known as the 'Anarchical and Revolutionary Act, of 1919.' This act was passed in March 1919 by Imperial Legislative Council.It gave the authority to Britishers to detain anybody suspected of terrorist activities without any type of trial.Rowlatt Act was also termed the 'Black Act.' Hence, the correct answer is "6th April 1919."
Q51
The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was formed in the year _____ with an aim to overthrow the British.
✓ Correct answer: c) 1928
ExplanationHSRA was founded in 1928. It was a revolutionary organization.It was previously known as Hindustan Republican Army and Hindustan Republican Association.The name was changed due to the influence of Bhagat Singh.It was founded by Ram Prasad Bismil, Sachindranath Bakshi, Ashfaqulla Khan, and Sachindranath Sanyal.Hence, the correct answer is "1928".
Q52
The Khilafat Movement of 1920 was organised as a protest against the injustice done to ______.
✓ Correct answer: a) Turkey
ExplanationThe Khilafat movement was started in 1919. It was launched by Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali with Abdul Kalam Azad.It was organized to protest against the injustice done to Turkey.Indian Muslims organized this movement to recover the Capilh of Turkey.The caliph of Turkey was a symbol of the unity of Muslims in India.It was supported by Mahatma Gandhi through his Non-Copperation movement.Hence, the correct answer is "Turkey."
Q53
Mahatma Gandhi formed the Natal Indian Congress in the year ______.
✓ Correct answer: b) 1894
ExplanationMahatma Gandhi formed the Natal Indian Congress in the year 1894. It was an organization formed to fight against discrimination by Britishers towards the Indians in South Africa.Mahatma Gandhi was the first Honorary Secretary of the Natal Indian Congress.Abdoola Hajee Adam Jhaveri was the inaugural President of the Natal Indian Congress.Mahatma Gandhi is also known as the 'Father of the Nation.' Hence, the correct answer is "1894."
Q54
Sir Thomas Roe visited the court of Mughal ruler____as the ambassador of the King of England.
✓ Correct answer: b) Jahangir
ExplanationAs the ambassador of the King of England, Sir Thomas Roe journeyed to the court of Jahangir, the Mughal ruler, to establish diplomatic relations.Sir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat and statesman who was sent by King James I of England to establish diplomatic relations with the Mughal Empire.He arrived in the Mughal court in 1615 and spent several years building relations with Jahangir and his courtiers.His mission aimed to secure trading privileges and promote English interests in India.Roe's visit marked an important chapter in the history of Anglo-Indian relations and laid the foundation for future diplomatic and trade ties between England and the Mughal Empire.Hence, the correct answer is "Jahangir".
Q55
Tipu Sultan and the British East India Company signed the Treaty of Mangalore in the year___.
✓ Correct answer: b) 1784
ExplanationThe Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu Sultan, the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore, and the British East India Company in the year 1784. The treaty was a result of the Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-1784) between the two parties.The treaty brought an end to the hostilities and established peace between them.As per the terms of the treaty, both sides agreed to return the territories and prisoners of war that they had captured during the conflict.The treaty also outlined trade provisions and established diplomatic relations between the British and Tipu Sultan's kingdom.Hence, the correct answer is "1784".
Q56
The Sepoy Mutiny in India started from ______.
✓ Correct answer: b) Meerut
ExplanationThe Sepoy Mutiny was an unsuccessful rebellion during 1857–1858 against the British It started in India from Meerut by Indian troops.Sepoy Mutiny, also called the First War of Independence, spread to Lucknow, Delhi, Kanpur, and Agra.The revolt of 1857 was the first expression of organised resistance against the British East India Company.Hence, the correct answer is "Meerut".
Q57
British East India Company defeated the Portuguese in the____.
✓ Correct answer: b) Battle of Swally
ExplanationThe British East India Company did not defeat the Portuguese in the Battle of Swally.The correct answer is the Battle of Swally, also known as the Battle of Suvali, which took place in 1612. It was a naval conflict between the British East India Company and the Portuguese navy near the town of Suvali in Gujarat, India.The British East India Company emerged victorious in this battle, marking a significant turning point in their naval power in the region and establishing their presence in India.The defeat weakened Portuguese influence and opened doors for British expansion in India.Hence, the correct answer is "Battle of Swally".
Q58
In which year did the Patharughat peasant revolt take place against the tax policies of the British in Assam?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1894
ExplanationIn the year 1894, the Patharughat peasant revolt took place against the tax policies of the British in the Darrang district of Assam.On 28 January 1894, around 140 peasants were killed in unprovoked police firing while protesting revenue hikes.Many people were injured and due to this reason, Patharu-ghat is known as Assam’s Jallianwala Bagh which is in Punjab.Hence, the correct answer is "1894".
Q59
The Bangladesh Liberation War ended on _____.
✓ Correct answer: b) 16th December 1971
ExplanationLiberation War of Bangladesh ended on 16th December 1971. It led to the independence of Bangladesh.Before Independence, Bangladesh was also known as "East Pakistan." War was started when Pakistan started a military operation to eliminate nationalist citizens.This operation was known as Operation Searchlight.It triggered massive civil disobedience by civilians which ended on 16th December after the surrender of the military.Hence, the correct answer is "16th December 1971".
Q60
Who was the fifth of the ten Sikh gurus?
✓ Correct answer: c) Guru Arjan Dev
ExplanationThe fifth of the ten Sikh Gurus is Guru Arjan Dev.He became the Guru of the Sikh community in 1581 following the passing of his father, Guru Ram Das.List of the ten Sikh Gurus: Guru Number Name 1 Guru Nanak Dev 2 Guru Angad Dev | | SSC Guru Number Name 3 Guru Amar Das 4 Guru Ram Das 5 Guru Arjan Dev 6 Guru Har Gobind 7 Guru Har Rai 8 Guru Har Krishan 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur 10 Guru Gobind Singh Hence, the correct answer is “Guru Arjan Dev”.
Q61
The Act that transferred the power from the British East India Company to the British Crown in India was:
✓ Correct answer: d) Government of India Act, 1858
ExplanationAfter the revolt of 1857 , the British Parliament passed a new Act in 1858 and transferred the powers of the East India Company to the British Crown in order to ensure a more responsible management of Indian affairs.A member of the British Cabinet was appointed Secretary of State for India and made responsible for all matters related to the governance of India.He was given a council to advise him, called the India Council.The Governor-General of India was given the title of Viceroy, that is, a personal representative of the Crown.Through these measures the British government accepted direct responsibility for ruling India.Hence, the correct answer is "Government of India Act, 1858".
Q62
In which of the following cities is the tomb of Rani of Jhansi situated?
✓ Correct answer: a) Gwalior
ExplanationThe tomb of Rani of Jhansi is situated in the Phool Bagh Maidan Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.Jhansi ki Rani, also known by the name Rani Lakshmibai, was a brave ruler of the princely kingdom of Jhansi and she became a national heroine and was seen as the epitome of female bravery in India.Samadhi of Rani of Jhansi is a small park where there is a memorial in the form of a statue of Maharani Lakshmi Bai on horseback.Hence, the correct answer is "Gwalior".
Q63
In which year did the Third Round Table Conference take place?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1932
ExplanationThe Third Round Table Conference took place in 1932. This conference was a continuation of the series of discussions aimed at finding a solution to the constitutional crisis in India and devising a plan for India's future governance.It brought together Indian leaders, British politicians, and representatives of the British government to discuss India's political future.However, unlike the previous two Round Table Conferences, the Third Round Table Conference was largely unsuccessful as the British government was not willing to make significant concessions to the Indian demand for self-governance.As a result, the conference ended without any major agreements, and the Indian independence movement gained momentum.Hence, the correct answer is "1932".
Q64
The Gol Gumbaz (Gumbaz) of_________ is the mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah.
✓ Correct answer: c) Bijapur
ExplanationGol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of king Mohammad Adil Shah , the sultan of Bijapur.This tomb is located in Bijapur , Karnataka.It is the second largest dome ever built .It was built by Mohammad Adil Shah.It was completed by Architect Yakut of Dabul in 1656 It is known as the Taj Mahal of South India.It is known for its whispering gallery in which whispers get amplified again and again.Hence, the correct answer is "Bijapur".
Q65
In which of the following locations was the Quit India Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942 ?
✓ Correct answer: b) August Kranti Maidan
ExplanationThe Quit India Movement was launched at Mumbai's Gowalia Tank Maidan also known as August Kranti Maidan, Bombay by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942 during World War II asking for an end to British rule in India.The movement started in a speech in Bombay where Mahatma Gandhi gave the slogan ‘Do or Die’.Shivaji Park also known as the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Park is a public park situated in Dadar, Mumbai and is the largest park in the island city.The Jallianwala Bagh massacre which is also known as the Amritsar massacre took place on 13 April 1919. Pragati Maidan is a venue for large exhibitions and conventions in the city of New Delhi, India.Hence, the correct answer is “August Kranti Maidan”.
Q66 · 1931
Which of the following statements is correct with reference to the Karachi Session of the Congress (1931)?
✓ Correct answer: a) The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was ratified
ExplanationThe Karachi Session of the Indian National Congress was held from March 26 to 31, 1931. This session was significant as it marked the end of the Second Round Table Conference and the election of Mahatma Gandhi to represent the Congress.Sardar Patel presided over the session.During the session, the congress adopted a resolution on fundamental rights and economic policy, outlining the social, cultural, and political agenda of the Party.The highlight of the session was the endorsement of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, a political agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and the British government, which aimed to improve the political situation in India.The Karachi Session was a crucial turning point in India's struggle for independence and set the stage for future negotiations between the Indian National Congress and the British government.Hence, the correct answer is "The Gandhi- Irwin Pact was ratified".
Q67
In which year was the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) founded?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1928
ExplanationHindustan Socialist Republican Association(HSRA) was established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla in New Delhi.It was a revolutionary organization previously known as Hindustan Republican Army.It was founded by Ram Prasad Bismil and other associated members were Chandrashekhar Azad, Ashfaqulla Khan, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thappar and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee.The revolutionary activities of HSRA were : Kakori conspiracy, killing of John Saunders, Central Assembly Bombing Case, conducting robberies and raids .Hence , the correct answer is "1928".
Q68
Sir Thomas Roe came as an official ambassador from King James I of England to which Mughal emperor's court?
✓ Correct answer: b) Jahangir
ExplanationSir Thomas Roe visited the court of Emperor Jahangir as an ambassador of King James I. He successfully obtained permission for trade and was instrumental in establishing factories at Agra, Ahmedabad, and Broach.This diplomatic mission laid the foundation for stronger economic ties between England and the Mughal Empire during that period.Roe's efforts contributed to the development of trade relations and cultural exchange between the two nations.Jahangir's openness to diplomatic engagement facilitated the establishment of English trading posts in key Mughal cities.Hence, the correct answer is "Jahangir."
Q69
The Indian National Congress session of September 1920 was held at______.
✓ Correct answer: a) Calcutta
ExplanationThe special session of the Indian National Congress was held at Calcutta between the 4th and 9th of September 1920, under the presidency of Lala Lajpat Rai.Instigated by the British Government’s attitude towards the Khilafat movement and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, a special session was organized specifically to pass the resolution of the Non- cooperation movement with a demand for Swaraj.The resolution was passed with a great majority.Hence, the correct answer is "Calcutta".
Q70
Who among the following conceived the Kakori train robbery in 1925?
✓ Correct answer: c) Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan
ExplanationRam Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan conceived the Kakori train robbery in 1925 and this robbery occurred during the Indian Independence Movement against the British Indian Government between Kakori and near Lucknow on 9 August 1925. This incident has been termed "Kakori Train Action" by the Government in December 2022. Baikuntha Shukla was hanged for murdering Phanindra Nath Ghosh who had become a government approver which led to hanging of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev.Hence, the correct answer is "Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan".
Q71
The Gadar Party was formed in the year _____.
✓ Correct answer: d) 1913
ExplanationGhadar Party was formed in the year 1913 by Lala Hardayal.Initially it was named the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association and was formed on 15 July 1913 in the United States under the leadership of Lala Har Dayal, Baba Jawala Singh, Sant Baba Wasakha Singh Dadehar , Santokh Singh and Sohan Singh Bhakna as its president.Hence, the correct answer is “1913”.
Q72
_____ renounced his knighthood in protest for Jalianwalla Bagh mass killing.
✓ Correct answer: b) Rabindranath Tagore
ExplanationRabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood in protest for Jallianwala Bagh mass killing.Mahatma Gandhi surrendered his Kaiser- i-Hind medal and his was a message that they wanted nothing to do with the cruel Britishers after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.Shivaji Rao Holkar Bahadur XII was the Maharaja of Indore belonging to the Holkar dynasty, Marathas and was the son of Tukojirao Holkar II and Maharani Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Parvati Bai Sahib.Sir Surendra Nath Banerjee, often known as Rashtraguru, was an Indian nationalist leader during the British Rule and he founded a nationalist organization called the Indian National Association to bring Hindus and Muslims together for political action.Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy was an Indian-Parsi merchant and philanthropist, later a British knight and baronet and made a huge fortune in cotton and the opium trade with China.Hence, the correct answer is “Rabindranath Tagore”.
Q73
Which leader gave us the C R Formula?
✓ Correct answer: d) C. Rajagopalachari
ExplanationThe "C R Formula" is most likely a reference to the C. R. Formula, which was proposed by Indian leader C. Rajagopalachari.He was a freedom fighter, politician, and statesman in India and served as the Governor-General of India from 1948 to 1950. C.Rajagopalachari, popularly known as Rajaji, was a prominent Indian independence activist and politician.He was a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi and was one of the leaders of the Indian National Congress.After independence, he served as the Chief Minister of Madras Presidency and later as the Governor-General of India, the only Indian to hold the office.He was also a noted writer and playwright, having authored several books including the Indian versions of several Shakespearean plays.Hence, the correct answer is "C.Rajagopalachari".
Q74
The Swaraj Party in 1923 was founded by ________.
✓ Correct answer: d) Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das
ExplanationThe Swaraj Party or the Congress-Khilafat Swarajya Party was formed within the Congress by Chittaranjan Das (CR Das) and Motilal Nehru on 1 January 1923. Swaraj Party was formed after the Gaya session of Congress in December 1922, which was presided over by CR Das.CR Das was the President and Motilal Nehru was the Secretary of the Swaraj Party.Hence, the correct answer is "Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das".
Q75
Who was the then Governor-General of British India, when 'Sati Pratha' became illegal and punishable?
✓ Correct answer: c) Lord William Bentinck
ExplanationLord William Bentick was the Governor General of British India when ‘Sati Pratha’ became illegal and punishable.Sati was very dominant in some areas of South Asia in which a widow was burnt alive with her deceased husband’s funeral pyre.Governor William Bentick passed Bengal Sati Regulation on December 4,1829 which made this practice illegal in India.William Bentick was known as ‘Father of Modern Western Education in India.’ Lord Cornwallis is known for his Permanent Settlement system of Bengal and known as Father of Civil Services in India.Lord Wellesely introduced the system of Subsidiary Alliance.Warren Hastings was first Governor- General of India.Hence, the correct answer is "Lord William Bentinck".
Q76
Who among the following scholars is associated with the Tibet-home theory of the Aryans?
✓ Correct answer: a) Dayanand Saraswati
ExplanationSwami Dayanand Saraswati propounded the theory of the original home of the Aryans.According to the theory, the original home of the Aryans was Tibet.It was believed that the sun and fire were worshipped in Tibet due to extreme cold.Flora and fauna mentioned in Rig-Veda were found in Tibet, according to this theory.This view has been expounded by Dayanand Saraswati in the Satyarth Prakash.Hence, the correct answer is "Dayanand Saraswati."
Q77
Who was the Governor General of Bengal during the 3rd Anglo-Mysore war?
✓ Correct answer: c) 2nd Earl Cornwallis
ExplanationCornwallis was the Governor General of Bengal during the 3rd Anglo-Mysore war.The war was fought between Tipu Sultan and Lord Cornwallis from 1790 to 1792. A treaty was signed by Tipu and through which he surrendered half of his territory to the allies.The treaty is known as Treaty of Seringapatam.Cornwallis introduced the Act of Permanent settlement.Governor General(tenure) Works John Shore (1793-1798) He introduced a policy of non-intervention.Warren Hastings (1772- 17850 He ended the dual system of government .First Governor General of Bengal.John Macpherson(17 85-1786) Did nothing to stop the gross corruption indulged in by company’s officials.Hence , the correct answer is "2nd Earl Cornwallis".
Q78
Who among the following was NOT associated with the revolt of 1857?
✓ Correct answer: c) Bhagat Singh
ExplanationThe Revolt of 1857 was a significant event in India's history, marked by a widespread uprising against British rule.It started as a mutiny of sepoys, or Indian soldiers in the British East India Company's army, in the town of Meerut on May 10, 1857, and soon spread across northern and central India.The rebellion was fueled by several factors, including cultural, economic, and political grievances, as well as a growing sense of Indian nationalism.Important personalities who participated from various parts of India included Begum Hazrat Mahal, Kuwar Singh, Nana Saheb, Rani Laxmi Bai, Mangal Pandey etc. However, Bhagat Singh contributed to national freedom in the 1900s.Hence, the correct answer is "Bhagat Singh".
Q79
Which of the following Viceroys of India addressed the Bengal famine of 1943 by ordering the army to distribute relief supplies to the starving rural Bengalis?
✓ Correct answer: b) Lord Linlithgow
ExplanationLord Linlithgow addressed the Bengal famine of 1943 by ordering the army to distribute relief supplies to the starving rural Bengalis, and from 1936 to 1943, he was Governor-General and Viceroy of India.Mountbatten came up with Dickie Bird plan in May 1947, under which he proposed that the provinces be declared independent successor states and then be allowed to choose whether to join the constituent assembly or not.Lord Wavell announced a plan on 4 June 1945 for a new Executive Council in which all members except the Viceroy and the Commander-in-Chief would be Indians.Lord Willington convinced the Congress to join the second Round Table Conference, containing the second civil disobedience movement, and helped to shape the Government of India Bill, 1935. Hence, the correct answer is "Lord Linlithgow".
Q80
Freedom fighter, social reformer, and feminist Savitribai Phule hailed from which of the following states of India?
✓ Correct answer: d) Maharashtra
ExplanationSavitribai Phule was born on January 3, 1831, in Maharashtra.She was married to Jyotirao Phule, who played a crucial role in her education.Jyotirao Phule aimed to elevate the status of women and, therefore, decided to educate Savitribai.As a social reformer, she worked tirelessly for women's empowerment and education.After completing her education, Savithribai Phule opened a girl's school at Vishrambag, Pune.She became the first female teacher in India, marking a significant milestone in women's education.Savitribai Phule passed away in 1897 due to the Bubonic Plague while helping those affected by the epidemic.Hence, the correct answer is "Maharashtra."
Q81
In which city was the Jhanda Satyagraha or Flag Satyagraha of 1923 held?
✓ Correct answer: b) Nagpur
ExplanationFlag Satyagraha was held in Jabalpur and Nagpur in 1923. It was a peaceful civil disobedience which was focused on hoisting the national flag .Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Vinoba Bhave participated in this satyagrah.Jawahar Lal Nehru hoisted the National flag on the banks of river Ravi in Lahore.Hence, the correct answer is "Nagpur".
Q82
In which of the following years was the Asiatic Society at Calcutta (Kolkata) founded by Sir William Jones?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1784
ExplanationThe Asiatic Society was established in Calcutta by Sir William Jones in the year 1784. Located in Kolkata, it served as a hub for various literary and scientific endeavours.The institution aimed to be a comprehensive centre for Asian studies, encompassing all aspects related to man and nature across the continent.It was Warren Hastings who initiated the formation of the Bengal Asiatic Society.Hence, the correct answer is "1784."
Q83
Who among the following assassinated Sir William Hutt Curzon Wyllie in London?
✓ Correct answer: c) Madan Lal Dhingra
ExplanationSir William Hutt Curzon Wyllie was assassinated on 1 July 1909, in London.The perpetrator of the assassination was Madan Lal Dhingra, an Indian revolutionary.Dhingra was a member of India House in London at the time.Curzon Wyllie was a British Indian army officer and a political aide-de-camp to the Secretary of State for India.Dhingra claimed his act was a patriotic response to the injustices perpetrated by the British Government in India.Hence, the correct answer is "Madan Lal Dhingra."
Q84
Which of the following Acts introduced federal features and provincial autonomy in the legislature and also made provisions for the distribution of legislative powers between the Centre and the provinces?
✓ Correct answer: b) The Government of India Act, 1935
ExplanationThe Government of India Act, of 1935, implemented federal features in the legislative structure.It granted significant autonomy to the provinces within British India.This act delineated the distribution of legislative powers between the central government and the provincial governments.Through its provisions, it aimed at restructuring the governance system in British India.Hence, the correct answer is "The Government of India Act, 1935."
Q85
Who among the following was one of the leaders of the Santhal rebellion?
✓ Correct answer: a) Sidhu Manjihi
ExplanationThe Santhal Rebellion occurred during Lord Dalhousie's tenure from 1848 to 1856 in the Rajmahal hills of Jharkhand.Sidhu Manjhi was one of the prominent leaders of the Santhal rebellion.The rebellion arose due to discontent with British revenue systems, usury practices, and the zamindari system.Sidhu, along with his brother Kanhu Murmu, organized around 10,000 Santhals to revolt against British rule.The rebellion was eventually suppressed, leading to the establishment of the Santhal Pargana and special laws for their protection.Hence, the correct answer is "Sidhu Manjihi."
Q86
Veer Surendra Sai was a freedom fighter from:
✓ Correct answer: c) Odisha
ExplanationVeer Surendra Sai was born on 23 January 1809 in the Bengal Presidency.He was a prominent freedom fighter hailing from the region that is now known as Odisha.Sai played a significant role in the Indian independence movement, leading numerous rebellions against British rule.His efforts and sacrifices earned him the status of a revered figure in the history of India's struggle for freedom.Hence, the correct answer is "Odisha".
Q87
Mughal Emperor Shah Alam appointed the British East India Company as the Diwan of the province of Bengal in the year:
✓ Correct answer: b) 1765
ExplanationOn 12 August 1765, following the Battle of Buxar, the Mughal emperor appointed the East India Company as the Diwan of Bengal.This appointment was formalized through the Treaty of Allahabad, signed between the Mughal Emperor and Robert Clive of the East India Company.The Treaty of Allahabad marked the beginning of British involvement in Indian politics and the establishment of their rule.As Diwan, the East India Company gained significant financial control, administering taxes and revenue in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.Robert Clive's victory in the Battle of Buxar solidified the Company's position as a dominant force in Indian affairs.Hence, the correct answer is "1765."
Q88
In which of the following years was the Second Round Table Conference in London held?
✓ Correct answer: d) 1931
ExplanationIn 1931, the Second Round Table Conference took place in London.Gandhi and the Indian National Congress participated, and it lasted from September 7 to December 1, 1931. Jawahar Lal Nehru did not attend the Second Round Conference Table.From 17 November to 24 December 1932, the third Round Table Conference took place.From 12 November 1930 to 19 January 1931, the first Round Table Conference met.All three round table discussions were witnessed by Tej Bahadur and B.R. Ambedkar.Hence, the correct answer is ''1931''.
Q89
In which of the following years did the revolt in the countryside of the Bombay Deccan occur?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1875
ExplanationIn 1875, there was a revolt in the Bombay Deccan region.The Deccan Riots of 1875 focussed on conditions of debt peonage to moneylenders.The moneylenders' contracts, orders, and other papers were sought after and destroyed as its primary goal.Mumbai serves as India's business, commercial, and leisure hub.Among all Indian towns, it has the most wealthy and billionaires.Hence, the correct answer is "1875".
Q90
In which of the following years was the Indian Independence Act passed by the British Parliament?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1947
ExplanationThe Indian Independence Act, of 1947 received royal assent and entered into force on 18th July 1947. This act partitioned India into two independent dominions India and Pakistan.It was decided to grant independence to India and Pakistan with effect from 15th August 1947. The act also marked the end of British suzerainty over the princely states, allowing them to decide whether to join India, and Pakistan or remain independent.Over 560 princely states ultimately decided to merge with India.Hence, the correct answer is "1947."
Q91
In which of the following years was the Indian Association established?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1876
ExplanationIn 1876, the Indian Association was founded.It was established in British India as the country's first openly nationalist group.In 1876, Ananda Mohan Bose and Surendranath Banerjee established it.Its goal is to progress the political, intellectual, and financial well-being of the populace through all appropriate methods.It drew social leaders and educated Indians from all over the nation.It developed into a crucial venue for India's freedom movements.Hence, the correct answer is "1876".
Q92
What was the name of the women's regiment in the Indian National Army founded by Subhash Chandra Bose?
✓ Correct answer: c) Rani of Jhansi Regiment
ExplanationThe Rani of Jhansi Regiment was the women's regiment of the Indian National Army, established during World War II.Led by Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan, the unit was formed in July 1943 with volunteers from the expatriate Indian population in Southeast Asia.Subhash Chandra Bose announced the creation of this regiment on 12 July 1943, marking a significant stride in women's involvement in the armed forces.The Rani of Jhansi Regiment remains notable as one of the all-female combat regiments during the Second World War, operating on the side of Indian nationalists.Hence, the correct answer is "Rani of Jhansi Regiment."
Q93
Alivardi Khan was a Nawab of ______.
✓ Correct answer: c) Bengal
ExplanationAlivardi Khan was Bengal's Nawab.He is also renowned for defeating the Maratha Empire in the Battle of Burdwan.He overthrew the Nawabs of the Nasiri family and took control for himself.For the years 1740 to 1756, he served as Bengal's Nawab.Hence, the correct answer is "Bengal".
Q94
The Indian Mutiny began from Meerut on 10 May 1857 and ended in:
✓ Correct answer: c) Gwalior on 20 June 1858
ExplanationThe Indian Mutiny, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny or the First War of Independence, started in Meerut on 10 May 1857. It was a widespread but ultimately unsuccessful rebellion against British rule in India.The rebellion spread to key cities like Delhi, Agra, Kanpur, and Lucknow.Indian troops (sepoys) in the service of the British East India Company led the uprising.The Indian Mutiny came to an end in Gwalior on 20 June 1858 when Indian troops were defeated by the British forces.Hence, the correct answer is "Gwalior on 20 June 1858."
Q95
Who among the following was one of the founders of the Hindustan Republican Association?
✓ Correct answer: a) Ram Prasad Bismil
ExplanationOne of the leaders of the Hindustan Republican Association was Ram Prasad Bismil.It was a revolutionary group that upheld socialism and Marxism.It was established by Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Sachindra Nath Bakshi, Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Ashfaqulla Khan, and Ram Prasad Bismil.An ardent participant in India's independence battle, Ram Prasad Bismil was a freedom fighter.Lala Lajpat Rai was crucial to the fight for Indian independence.The Chittagong Armory Raid of 1930 is best remembered for having been led by Surya Sen.Hence, the correct answer is ''Ram Prasad Bismil.''
Q96
Who among the following laid the foundations of the Indian National Movement by founding the Indian Association at Calcutta in 1876 ?
✓ Correct answer: c) Surendranath Banerjee
ExplanationBy establishing the Indian Association in Calcutta in 1876, Surendranath Banerjee set the foundation for the Indian National Movement.He was one of the Indian National Congress' original members.The first openly nationalist group to be established in British India was the Indian Association.It drew social leaders and intelligent Indians from all over the nation.The primary goals were to advance the people's political, academic, and financial progress through all legal means.Dadabhai Naoroji is also known as the Grand Old Man of India and Unofficial Ambassador of India.Hence, the correct answer is Surendranath Banerjee
Q97
Swami Vivekananda championed the supremacy of Vedantic philosophy in the Chicago (the US) Conference of World Religions held in the year_____.
✓ Correct answer: b) 1893
ExplanationThe Parliament of Religions opened on September 11, 1893, where Swami Vivekananda delivered his influential address.Swami Vivekananda captivated the audience with his plea for religious tolerance and an end to fanaticism during the Parliament sessions.Over the subsequent weeks, thousands of attendees flocked to listen to Swami Vivekananda, making the Parliament a significant event in interfaith dialogue.The World Religions Conference (WRC) is renowned for bringing together scholars from various religious backgrounds to discuss common topics from their respective traditions.The WRC promotes values such as tolerance, peace, cooperation, and understanding, and has grown in terms of organization, content quality, and attendance over its 40-year history.Hence, the correct answer is "1893."
Q98
In which of the following years was the Bombay Reorganization Act passed?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1960
ExplanationThe state of Bombay was initially included in Part A, a former governorate province of British India as per the First Schedule in the 1949 Constitution.Bombay State encompassed a large portion of modern Gujarat and parts of present-day Maharashtra and Karnataka.The States Reorganization Act aimed to redistribute territories, transferring some Kannada-speaking regions to Mysore State and expanding Bombay's areas to include Marathi-speaking Marathwada and Vidarbha, as well as Gujarat- speaking Saurashtra and Kutch.On 1st May 1960, the Bombay Reorganization Act was passed, marking it as Appointment Day, when the state was bifurcated into Gujarat and Maharashtra.Hence, the correct answer is "1960."
Q99
Chandernagore (Chandannagar) was a ___ colony captured by the British Navy on 23 March 1757.
✓ Correct answer: d) French
ExplanationThe French settlement of Chandernagore (Chandannagar) was captured by the British Navy on March 23, 1757. By getting approval from the Nawab of Bengal, Ibrahim Khan, to set up a trading post on the banks of the river Hooghly, Chandannagar was founded as a French settlement in 1673. In 1688, it was settled permanently by the French, and Joseph Francois Dupleix was named the city's governor in 1730. On March 23, 1757, the British Navy seized it.After being returned to the French in 1763, the British took it back in 1794. The city and a 3-square-mile enclave of the neighbouring land were restored to France in 1816. It was administered under the political authority of French India until 1950. Hence the correct answer is "French".
Q100
In which of the following years was the All- India Harijan Sevak Sangh founded?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1932
ExplanationAll India Harijan Sevak Sangh was established in the year 1932. In order to end untouchability, Mahatma Gandhi founded this nonprofit organisation.The All India Anti-Untouchability League is its other name.It works for Harijan or Dalit people and upliftment of the Depressed Class of India.It has branches in 26 states across India and its headquarters are at Kingsway Camp in Delhi.Hence the correct answer is "1932".
Q101
Who among the following freedom fighters wrote the poem 'Vande Mataram' in 1875?
✓ Correct answer: b) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
ExplanationThe poem "Vande Mataram" was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in 1875. He is recognized as a pivotal character in Bengal's and the Indian subcontinent's literary revival.Rabindranath Tagore sang this song for the first time at the Indian National Congress gathering in 1896. The first non-European author to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature was Rabindranath Tagore.An important figure in the early 20th- century Indian freedom struggle was Bhagat Singh.Along with Sri Aurobindo, Bipin Chandra Pal was a key figure in the creation of the Swadeshi movement.Hence, the correct answer is "Bankim Chandra Chatterjee".
Q102
In which of the following years was the origin and enactment of the Indian Age of Consent Act passed?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1891
ExplanationThe Indian Age of Consent Act was enacted in British India on 19 March 1891. This legislation raised the age of consent for sexual intercourse from ten to twelve years for all girls in all jurisdictions.The Act, also known as Act X of 1891, amended the Indian Penal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure, Section 375, 1882. Despite opposition from figures like Sir Romesh Chunder Mitter, who argued it interfered with the orthodox Hindu code, it received support from Indian reformers like Behramji Malabari and women's social organizations.Hence, the correct answer is "1891."
Q103
C Rajagopalachari led the Salt Satyagraha in which of the following states?
✓ Correct answer: c) Tamil Nadu
ExplanationIn Tamil Nadu, the Salt Satyagraha was held by C. Rajagopalachari.He served as India's last governor- general and also the first Indian-born governor-general in India.He was among the first individuals to receive India's greatest national honor.He established the Swatantra Party and served as India's last governor-general.Tamil Nadu ranks sixth in terms of population and is the tenth-largest state in terms of area in India.It is both the most urbanized and one of the most industrialized regions in India.Hence, the correct answer is "Tamil Nadu".
Q104
In which of the following years did the Kakori Conspiracy case take place?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1925
ExplanationThe Kakori Conspiracy case took place in the year 1925. The Kakori Conspiracy case was an important event during India's struggle for independence against British rule.It involved an attempted train robbery on the 9th of August 1925, at Kakori near Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.The freedom fighters involved in the incident were part of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), a revolutionary organization.Hence, the correct answer is ‘1925.’
Q105
Who among the following along with Motilal Nehru was Instrumental in the creation of the Swaraj Party?
✓ Correct answer: b) Chittaranjan Das
ExplanationTogether with Motilal Nehru, Chittaranjan Das played a crucial role in the formation of the Swaraj Party.He is known as Deshbandhu, which means "Friend of the Nation." One of the movement's primary leaders was Bipin Chandra Pal.In India, he is referred to as the Father of Revolutionary Thoughts.Subhash Chandra Bose, a charismatic orator with exceptional leadership abilities, was regarded as the most significant independence warrior.The Indian National Association was a nationalist group that was established by Surendranath Banerjee.Hence, the correct answer is "Chittaranjan Das".
Q106
Who among the following Sikh Gurus founded the Tarn Taran Sahib?
✓ Correct answer: a) Guru Arjan Dev
ExplanationTarn Taran Sahib is situated in the Majha region of Punjab, India.It serves as the district headquarters and houses the municipal council of Tarn Taran district.Gurdwara Sri Tarn Taran Sahib, a significant Sikh pilgrimage centre, is located in the heart of the city.The town of Tarn Taran was established by the fifth Sikh Guru, Sri Guru Arjan Dev (1563–1606).Guru Arjan Dev laid the foundation of the Tarn Taran Sahib Temple, making it a prominent site for Sikh worship.Hence, the correct answer is "Guru Arjan Dev."
Q107
In which of the following years did Japan invade India resulting in the Battle of Imphal?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1944
ExplanationInvasion of India by Japan led to the 1944 Battle of Imphal.The Japanese suffered their biggest loss to that point at Kohima and Imphal.Between 8 March and 18 July 1944, the Battle of Imphal was contested.The conflict, which took place in the South-East Asian region of World War II, marked a turning moment in the Burma war.Hence, the correct answer is '1944'.
Q108
How many delegates participated in the second session of the Indian National Congress?
✓ Correct answer: a) 434
ExplanationOn 28 December 1885, 72 delegates participated in the first session of Indian National Congress at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay.The second session of the Congress took place under the leadership of Dadabhai Naoroji in Calcutta.The number of delegates had increased to 434 .Hence, the correct answer is " 434."
Q109
Which of the following led English company in Battle of Plassey (1757)?
✓ Correct answer: b) Robert Clive
ExplanationRobert Clive's East India Company men faced Siraj-Ud-Daulah in the Battle of Plassey.The Nawab of Bengal was named Siraj- Ud-Daulah.The flagrant misuse of trade privileges by EIC officials infuriated Siraj.The ongoing wrongdoing by EIC against Siraj-Ud-Daulah led to the battle of Plassey in 1757. On the banks of the Bhagirathi-Hooghly River, about 160 kilometers north of Calcutta, near the small village of Plassey (Palashi), the soldiers gathered.The Battle of Plassey was fought on June 23, 1757. The fight ended in eleven hours, and Siraj-Ud-Daulah lost and fled.Hence, the correct answer is ''Robert Clive''.
Q110
How many delegates attended the first session of Congress in 1885?
✓ Correct answer: d) 72
ExplanationOn the 28th of December in the year 1885, the inaugural session of the Indian National Congress was convened at the Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in the city of Bombay.There were a total of 72 delegates present.Following W. C. Bonnerjee of Calcutta's victory in the election for president, Hume was appointed to the position of General Secretary.Hence, the correct answer is "72".
Q111
Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar set up school for girls at ______.
✓ Correct answer: d) Calcutta
ExplanationReformer Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar of Bengal actively brought up women's issues.He actively supported girls' education because he thought that the root of all of their issues was a lack of education.Assisted by an Englishman by the name of Bethune, he established numerous schools specifically for girls.He took a strong stance against polygamy and child marriage.He fervently supported widow remarriage.His vigorous campaigning for support led to the passage of the Widows' Remarriage Act in 1856, which made widow remarriages lawful.Hence, the correct answer is "Calcutta".
Q112
Who among the following persons was associated with the Chittagong Armoury Raid?
✓ Correct answer: d) Ardhendu Dastidar
ExplanationThe Chittagong Armoury Raid took place on April 18, 1930. The Indian revolutionaries like Ganesh Ghosh, Lokenath Bal, Nirmal Sen, Ambika Chakraborty, Naresh Roy, Sasanka Datta, Ardhendu Dastidar, Harigopal Bal, Tarakeswar Dastidar, Ananta Singh, Jiban Ghoshal, Anand Gupta, Pritilata Waddedar, and Kalpana Dutta led by Surya Sen decided to raid the armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the Chittagong armoury in the Bengal presidency.Twelve revolutionaries and 80 British Army soldiers were killed in the bloody confrontation that ensued on April 22, 1930, atop Jalalabad hill when hundreds of British army soldiers caught up with them.Hence, the correct answer is "Ardhendu Dastidar".
Q113
Who among the following freedom fighters hoisted the Indian flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement?
✓ Correct answer: a) Aruna Asaf Ali
ExplanationAruna Asaf Ali was an Indian publisher, educator, and political activist.She was a prominent member of the Indian independence movement and is best known for raising the Indian national flag at the 1942 Quit India Movement in Bombay's Gowalia Tank Maidan.August 8, 1942, marked the beginning of the Quit India Movement.India celebrates August Kranti Din on August 8 of each year.The Quit Indian Movement was directly caused by the Cripps Mission's failure.Hence, the correct answer is "Aruna Asaf Ali".
Q114
In the context of the Indian Freedom Movement, which of the following years is correctly paired with the event that took place that year?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1915 – Mahatma Gandhi returned from South Africa
ExplanationMahatma Gandhi returned to India on January 9, 1915, after over 21 years in South Africa.He arrived at the Apollo Bunder in Bombay and received a hero's welcome.Gandhi's return from South Africa is commemorated on Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, observed on January 9 by India.The Cripps Mission was sent in 1942, not 1944, to seek Indian cooperation during World War II.The First Round Table Conference took place in 1930-1931, not 1936. The All India Congress Committee ratified the 'Quit India' resolution in 1942, not 1945. Hence, the correct answer is "1915 – Mahatma Gandhi returned from South Africa."
Q115
Which of the following pairs of Indian revolutionaries and organisations is CORRECTLY paired?
✓ Correct answer: b) Badruddin Tyabji – Bombay Presidency Association
ExplanationIn 1885, Pherozeshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji, and K. T. Telang played a major role in the Bombay Presidency Association's establishment.The Bombay Presidency Association represented Indian interests and hosted the first meeting of the Indian National Congress in Bombay at the end of 1885. The Madras Mahajana Sabha was founded by Ramaswami Mudaliar and P. Anandacharlu in 1884. Dadabhai Naoroji established the East India Association in London in 1866 after working with Indians and former British officials.In Poona, the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was established in 1870. S. H. Chiplunkar, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi, and Mahadev Govind Ranade founded it.Hence, the correct answer is "Badruddin Tyabji – Bombay Presidency Association".
Q116
In which of the following years was the civil disobedience campaign completely ceased?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1934
ExplanationGandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement on March 12, 1930, by participating in the illustrious Dandi Salt March, in which he defied the salt prohibition.When Mahatma Gandhi finished his mass satyagraha on July 14, 1933, the Civil Disobedience Movement was put on hold.On April 7, 1934, the movement came to an end totally.The movement of civil disobedience expanded to include boycotting foreign products, not filing taxes, and skipping work and education.The British imprisoned Jawaharlal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi because they were disturbed by this movement.Hence, the correct answer is "1934".
Q117
Which of the following events occurred first during the Indian National Movement?
✓ Correct answer: b) Partition of Bengal
ExplanationThe proposal for Bengal's partition in 1905 came from Lord Curzon.In July 1905, he issued the order for Bengal's partition, which became effective in October of the same year.In 1928, the Simon Commission came to India.It traveled to India in order to review the 1919 Government of India Act.In 1918, Gandhiji began the Satyagraha in Kheda, Gujarat, to aid the peasants who were unable to pay the land tax because their crops had failed.Additionally, from March 12, 1930, to April 6, 1930, he led the Dandi March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi on the Gujarat coast.Hence, the correct answer is "Partition of Bengal".
Q118
“All India Muslim League” was established in 1906 at ______.
✓ Correct answer: a) Dacca
ExplanationIn the year 1906, Dhaka became the location of the founding of the All-India Muslim League (AIML).The position of president was first filled by Aga Khan.Alongside Mohsin, Viqar-ul-Mulk was promoted to the position of joint secretary.Karachi was host to the inaugural meeting of the All India Muslim League, which took place on December 29, 1907. Hence, the correct answer is 'Dacca'.
Q119
Established in 1867 in Bombay, the ________ sought to remove caste restrictions, abolish child marriage, and encourage the education of women, etc.
✓ Correct answer: c) Prarthana Samaj
ExplanationDr. Atmaram Pandurang founded the Prarthana Samaj in Bombay in 1867. It was a Brahmo Samaj offshoot.It was a movement for justice and reform within Hinduism.It gained new vigor when M.G. Ranade and R.G. Bhandarkar joined it in 1870. Mahadev Govind Ranade also ran the Deccan Education Society.A number of Prarthana Samaj members were previously involved in the Paramhansa Mandali.This Samaj advocated monotheism and condemned caste rigidities, idolatry, and priestly dominance.Hence, the correct answer is "Prarthana Samaj".
Q120
The British East India Company captured Pondicherry (Puducherry) from the French in the year_________.
✓ Correct answer: a) 1761
ExplanationPuducherry changed hands during the Anglo-French wars that lasted from 1742 to 1763. In 1761, the British "East India Company" took Puducherry from the French, and the Treaty of Paris in 1763 reinstated the French Company's rule.In 1761, the French were forced out of Pondicherry (Puducherry) by the British East India Company.The French "East India Company" was permitted to maintain its settlements in Pondicherry, Mahe, Yanam, Karaikal, and Chandernagore after the British "East India Company" seized power in the late 1850s.Hence, the correct answer is "1761".
Q121
In which year was the 'Lotteries Regulation Act' passed?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1998
ExplanationAn important piece of law, the Lotteries Regulation Act, 1998, establishes specific guidelines for the central government's handling of lotteries in India.Additionally, subject to a few restrictions, it enables state governments to run and control lotteries.This legislation was passed on July 7th, 1998, and went into effect on October 2nd of the same year.Hence, the correct answer is "1998".
Q122
At which of the following jails was Khudiram Bose sent to the gallows?
✓ Correct answer: c) Muzaffarpur
ExplanationBy throwing bombs at the carriage that the District Judge, Mr. Kingsford, was going to ride in, Khudiram Bose and Prafulla attempted to kill him.Two British women died in the carriage when Mr. Kingsford was not there.Prafulla Chaki took his own life before the authorities could take him into custody.Khudiram Bose was detained before receiving a death sentence.At the Muzaffarpur Jail, which has been renamed in his honour, he was executed when he was just 18 years old.Hence, the correct answer is "Muzaffarpur".
Q123
After the ____________ , Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement.
✓ Correct answer: b) Chauri Chaura incidence
ExplanationAfter the Chauri Chaura incident, Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non- Cooperation Movement.The Chauri Chaura incident took place on February 5, 1922, in the Chauri Chaura town of the Gorakhpur district in Uttar Pradesh, India.During the incident, a group of protestors clashed with the police, leading to the death of several police officers.In response to this violent turn of events, Mahatma Gandhi, who had been leading the Non-Cooperation Movement, decided to withdraw the movement.The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase of the Indian independence struggle, aiming to protest against British colonial rule through nonviolent means.The Chauri Chaura incident was seen as a departure from the principles of nonviolence and civil disobedience that Gandhi advocated.Hence, the correct answer is "Chauri Chaura incidence."
Q124
The first English Factory in Bengal set up on the banks of river "Hugli" in _____ .
✓ Correct answer: d) 1651
ExplanationIn the year 1651, the first English factory in the region of Bengal was established on the banks of the river Hugli.The East India Company was successful in persuading merchants to set up shop in the area around the factory.The factory was initially used as a trading post for the Company's goods, particularly textiles and spices.By the year 1696, the Company had begun construction of a fort around the Hugli village, which would eventually become the city of Calcutta.Hence, the correct answer is "1651."
Q125
Which of the following revolutionary groups' members assassinated Assistant Superintendent of Police John Saunders in 1927?
✓ Correct answer: b) Hindustan Republican Association
ExplanationOn December 17, 1927, members of the Hindustan Republican Association, including Bhagat Singh and Shivaram Rajguru, killed John Saunders, the assistant superintendent of police, after mistaking him for James A. Scott and shooting him in the head.Sukhdev Thapar and Chandrashekhar Azad were the ones who encouraged them to carry out this deed.Later on, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were all put to death by hanging.Hence, the correct answer is " Hindustan Republican Association ."
Q126
The Hindu Marriage Act was enacted in the year_____.
✓ Correct answer: d) 1955
ExplanationThe Hindu Marriage Act was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1955. During this period, the Hindu Code Bills also resulted in the passage of three further significant laws: The Hindu Succession Act (1956).The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act (1956).The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act (1956).The act was intended to secure the rights of marriage for the bride and groom who are Hindus and are bound under the sacred bond of marriage under any ceremony.The act can removed any distinction under the law of marriage of a young woman and a widow, and both are treated equally under this law.Hence the correct answer is "1955".
Q127
Realising the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the water bodies, the Government of India passed the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, _______, to safeguard our water resources.
✓ Correct answer: a) 1974
ExplanationA change in the physical, chemical, or biological properties of the air, water, or land that is unwelcome and might have an impact on people or other living things is called pollution.The Environment (Protection) Act was established by the Indian government in 1986 with the goal of preserving and enhancing the quality of the environment.Air pollution, land pollution, and water pollution are the three main types of environmental pollution that have an impact on the quality of the environment.The definition of water pollution is the introduction of chemicals (organic, inorganic, or biological) that cause the water's quality to decline and render it unsuitable for human use.The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was enacted by the Government of India in 1974 to protect the water resources from pollution since it was recognised how important it was to keep the water bodies clean.This legislation outlines the prevention, mitigation, and control of water pollution as well as the preservation or restoration of the nation's water's wholesomeness.Hence the correct answer is "1974".
Q128
The Revolutionary Socialist Party was established in ____.
✓ Correct answer: c) 1940
ExplanationOn March 19, 1940, Tridib Chaudhuri established the Revolutionary Socialist Party, which later became known as the RSP.It was primarily organized as a political expression of the Anushilan Samiti, also known as the Liberation Movement in Bengal, which led to its formation.The Hindustan Socialist Republican Army is another source of inspiration for the organization.Hence, 1940 is the correct answer.
Q129
The Hindu College was established in Banaras in_______.
✓ Correct answer: d) 1791
ExplanationThe Hindu College was founded in the year 1791 in the city of Benaras.A primary objective is to foster interest in the research of ancient Sanskrit literature that might be of value in the governance of the nation.Jonathan Duncan, who was a resident of the East India Company at the time, made the idea that led to the establishment of Olt, and Governor General Lord Cornwallis gave his permission.Hence, the correct answer is "1791".
Q130
The British Parliament transferred the powers of the East India Company to the British crown in _______.
✓ Correct answer: b) 1858
ExplanationThe British Parliament transferred the powers of the East India Company to the British crown in 1858. This transfer of power marked the beginning of direct British rule in India and the end of the East India Company's control over the Indian subcontinent.The formal instrument for this transfer was the Government of India Act 1858. Following this transfer, India was governed by the British Crown through the Secretary of State for India.The Governor-General of India continued to serve as the head of the government in India, but now under the authority of the British monarch.Hence, the correct answer is "1858."
Q131
In which of the following sessions of the Indian National Congress did George Yule become the President in 1888?
✓ Correct answer: b) Allahabad
ExplanationIn the fourth session of the INC, which was held in Allahabad in 1888, George Yule was elected president.He was the first non-Indian President of INC.He was a member of the business elite.He was the head of Calcutta's renowned Andrew Yule and Co. In addition, he had served as President of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Sheriff of Calcutta.In Indian circles, Yule was well-known for his liberal ideas, broad perspective, and obvious empathy for Indian goals.Hence, the correct answer is "Allahabad".
Q132
After Mahatma Gandhi's release from prison in January 1931 , Congress leaders met at ________ to plan the future course of action.
✓ Correct answer: c) Allahabad
ExplanationCongress leaders convened in Allahabad in January 1931, following Mahatma Gandhi's release from prison, to strategize the future course of action.Gandhi Ji started the Dandi March from his Asharam in Sabarmati to manufacture his own salt in Dandi, in defiance of the salt law.Mahatma Gandhi started the Salt March, also called the Dandi March.It began on March 12, 1930, and took place in Sabarmati, close to Ahmedabad, for 24 days.Gandhiji and thousands of others were arrested while producing their own salt in opposition to British rule and the British government's attempt to legalize and tax the industry.In the end, it proved to be successful when the British freed the demonstrators from jail and allowed the populace to produce their own salt.Hence, the correct answer is "Allahabad".
Q133
With which of the following organisations was Lala Har Dayal associated?
✓ Correct answer: a) Ghadar Party
ExplanationIn the USA, he established the Gadar Party in 1913. The following are just a few of his published works: "Thoughts in Education," "Social Conquest of Hindu Race," "Forty Four Months in Germany and Turkey," "Hints for Self Culture," "Bodhisatva Doctrines," etc. He passed away on March 4, 1939, in Philadelphia.India Post issued a commemorative stamp in 1987 in memory of Lala Har Dayal.Hence, "Ghadar Party" is the correct answer.
Q134
In 1600 , the East India company acquired a charter from which ruler?
✓ Correct answer: b) Queen Elizabeth-I
ExplanationElizabeth I, the English queen, granted the company a royal charter, which allowed it to be founded on December 31, 1600. An English company was established to engage in trade with India and East and Southeast Asia.In 1608, the Company sent Captain Hawkins to Jahangir's court in the Mughal Empire to obtain permission to open a warehouse for goods in Surat.Jahangir granted the East India Company permission to open its first trading post at Surat in 1613. English-established business hubs in Broach, Ahmedabad, and Agra.Hence, the correct answer is "Queen Elizabeth-I ".
Q135
The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was repealed during the tenure of Viceroy _________.
✓ Correct answer: b) Lord Ripon
ExplanationLord Ripon repealed the Vernacular Press Act of 1881. The viceroy feared that the act may produce resentment among Indians.The act can become one of the catalysts giving rise to India's growing independence movement.Hence, the correct answer is "Lord Ripon."
Q136
Battle of Plassey was fought between English company and Nawab of Bengal in which year?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1757
ExplanationThe Battle of Plassey was fought on June 23, 1757, between the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah.The battle was a decisive victory for the British, marking the beginning of British rule in India.The battle was fought at Plassey, a village in the Nadia district of West Bengal.Robert Clive, led the British and Mir Jafar led the Nawab.The British had a much smaller army than the Nawab, but they were better trained and equipped.They also had the support of the local Hindu rajas, who were unhappy with the Nawab's rule.Hence, the correct answer is "1757."
Q137
Subsidiary alliance treaty was imposed on Awadh in ______ .
✓ Correct answer: c) 1801
ExplanationThe Subsidiary Alliance was a pact between the British East India Company and the Indian Princely states.As a result of this treaty, the Indian kingdoms ceded their authority over their territories to the English.Lord Wellesley, in the year 1801, coerced the Nawab of Awadh into accepting the Policy of Subsidiary Alliance.In 1801, Wellesley coerced the Nawab of Awadh into accepting the Policy of Subsidiary Alliance.The Nawab of Awadh was the first monarch to establish a secondary alliance with the British after the Battle of Buxar.However, the first to agree to a properly constructed subsidiary alliance was the Nizam of Hyderabad.Hence, the correct answer is "1801".
Q138
Which of the following statements was quoted by Subhash Chandra Bose?
✓ Correct answer: c) Give me blood and I will give you freedom.
Explanation‘Give me blood and I will give you freedom’, was quoted by Subhash Chandra Bose to the soldiers of Indian National Army. ‘First, they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win’: Mahatama Gandhi ‘The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others’: Mahatma Gandhi ‘Live as if you were to die tomorrow.Learn as if you were to live forever’: Mahatama Gandhi Hence the correct answer is "Give me blood and I will give you freedom".
Q139
Which of the following revolts was led by Kanhu and Sidhu?
✓ Correct answer: d) Santhal Revolt
ExplanationOn June 30, 1855, two years prior to the Great Uprising of 1857, two brothers named Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu of the Santhal tribe planned the Santhal uprising.They were able to rally 10,000 Santhals to their cause and launch an uprising against the British.The indigenous peoples swore an oath to expel the British from their territory once and for all.Hence, the correct answer is "Santhal Revolt ."
Q140
Dadabhai Naoroji offered a scathing criticism of the economic impact of British rule throught his book entitled '____________'.
✓ Correct answer: c) Poverty and Un - British Rule in India
ExplanationThe "Drain Theory" was first presented in Dadabhal Naoroji's book that was released in 1901 and titled "Poverty and Un-British Rule in India." He was the first person to remark that the lack of riches and prosperity in India was a result of colonial rule, which at the time was sapping the country's resources.Hence, the correct answer is "Poverty and Un - British Rule in India".
Q141
Who among the following was the only martyr of the Quit India phase of the freedom movement who was hanged?
✓ Correct answer: c) Kushal Konwar
ExplanationAn Indian-Assamese freedom fighter from Assam Kushal Konwar was the only martyr executed by hanging in India during the last phase of the Quit India Movement in 1942–1943. Because of his self-sacrifice for the sake of the Andhra cause, Indian revolutionary and liberation warrior Potti Sreeramulu is regarded as Amarajeevi in the Andhra region.Senapati Bapat, also known as Pandurang Mahadev Bapat, was an important participant in the Indian freedom struggle.Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, better known by his pen name Ghanshyam Vyas, was a socialist, politician, writer, and educationist from Gujarat state who was active in the Indian independence struggle.Hence the correct answer is "Kushal Konwar".
Q142
Partition of Bengal held in _____.
✓ Correct answer: c) 1905
ExplanationThe Partition of Bengal was held in 1905. The Partition of Bengal was a territorial reorganization of the Bengal Presidency implemented by the authorities of the British Raj.The reorganization separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas.Announced on 20 July 1905 by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India, and implemented on 16 October 1905, it was undone a mere six years later.Hence the correct answer is "1905".
Q143
Who was the Mughal emperor, when a massive rebellion against british rule broke out in 1857?
✓ Correct answer: b) Bahadur Shah Zafar
ExplanationAt the time that the Revolt of 1857 took place, Bahadur Shah Zafar was the emperor of the Mughal Empire.After being found guilty of treason by the British government, he was sentenced to exile in Rangoon in 1858, along with his wife Zeenat Mahal and other members of his extended family.On November 7, 1862, he passed away while living in exile.Hence, Bahadur Shah Zafar is the correct answer.
Q144
Who said the following words? "Sarfaroshi ki tamanna ab hamare dil me hai, dekhna hai zor kitna baazu-e-qaatil me hai"
✓ Correct answer: a) Ramprasad Bismil
ExplanationBismil Azimabadi of Patna is the author of the patriotic poetry Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna, which was composed in Urdu in the year 1921. During the time of British rule in India, it became famous as a call to arms for liberation that was popularised by Ram Prasad Bismil. - These are the last words that were said by Ram Prasad Bismil before he was executed by hanging.Hence, Ramprasad Bismil is the correct answer.
Q145
Which of the following Indian freedom fighters said that "Be the change you wish to see in the world"?
✓ Correct answer: d) Mahatma Gandhi
ExplanationMahatma Gandhi said that "Be the change you wish to see in the world".This is a famous quote that reflects Gandhiji's principle of non-violent resistance.Gandhiji believed that everyone can make a difference in the world around them, however small it may be.He encouraged people to recognize their strengths and bring positive changes in their lives.This quote of Gandhiji is as relevant today as when he first said it.It reminds us that we can all make a difference in the world around us, even if we are alone.Hence, the correct answer is "Mahatma Gandhi".
Q146
After the death of Shri Guru Gobind Singh, the Sikhs revolted against the ______ under the leadership of Banda Bahadur.
✓ Correct answer: b) Mughals
ExplanationBanda Singh Bahadur led the Khalsa army and was a Sikh warrior.On the banks of the Godavari River, at Nanded, he founded a monastery.Following his baptism, Banda changed his name to Gurbaksh Singh after becoming a disciple of Guru Gobind Singh.After Guru Gobind Singh was killed, he started a rebellion against the Mughals.On June 9th, 1716, he was taken prisoner and put to death during the rule of Farrukh Siyar.Hence, the correct answer is "Mughals".
Q147
In which of the following years was the Dowry Prohibition Act passed in India?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1961
ExplanationOn July 1, 1961, the Dowry Prohibition Act came into effect.Its goal was to forbid dowry giving and receiving.A "dowry" is any property or valuable security given or agreed to be given, directly or indirectly, as defined by the Dowry Prohibition Act.All Indian religions are covered by the Dowry Prohibition Act.Five years in prison and a fine of Rs. fifteen thousand rupees, or the equivalent of the dowry, are the penalties for breaking the law.Hence, the correct answer is "1961".
Q148
India lost a large proportion of _____ growing area to Pakistan during partition.
✓ Correct answer: d) cotton
ExplanationIn semi-arid regions of the nation during the kharif season, cotton is a tropical crop farmed.During the partition, Pakistan gained a sizable piece of the land used by India for cotton cultivation.However, during the past 50 years, its acreage has grown significantly.India cultivates 'narma', or long-staple cotton, as well as short-staple (Indian) and long- staple (American) cotton in the northwest.Hence the correct answer is "cotton" .
Q149
In which of the following years did the resolution at the Karachi Session of the Indian National Congress dwell on how Independent India's Constitution should look?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1931
ExplanationThe Indian National Congress' Karachi session passed a resolution in 1931 outlining the independent India's Constitution. leaders agreed on several fundamental principles long before the Constituent Assembly convened to discuss the Constitution, such as the right to adult franchise, the right to freedom, equality, and the protection of minorities' rights.The Karachi Congress was presided over by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.Hence, the correct answer is "1931".
Q150
In which of the following years did the Indian army free Goa from the Portuguese?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1961
ExplanationIndia gained independence from British rule in 1947, but Goa, a Portuguese colony at the time, took another 14 years to be free of foreign control.On December 19, 1961, Indian armed personnel seized control of Goa from the Portuguese, bringing an end to approximately 450 years of colonial rule.The Goa Opinion Poll was a referendum held on January 16, 1967, in the Indian state of Goa to determine the future of the Union Territories of Goa, Daman, and Diu.Hence, the correct answer is "1961".
Q151
Warren Hastings became the first Governor General of India in which year?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1773
ExplanationIn 1773, Warren Hastings was appointed to his position as the first Governor- General of Bengal.He put an end to Robert Clive's Dual System, which had been in place since its inception.Hence, the correct answer is "1773"
Q152
'Do or die' slogan is given by which of the following freedom fighter?
✓ Correct answer: c) Mahatma Gandhi
ExplanationThe "Do or Die" slogan was given by Mahatma Gandhi during the Quit India Movement launched on August 8, 1942. This movement was a call for Indians to demand an end to British rule and to actively participate in the struggle for India's independence.Hence, the correct answer is "Mahatma Gandhi".
Q153
On 21 October 1943, Subhash Chandra Bose proclaimed the formation of the Provisional Government of Free India in ______.
✓ Correct answer: b) Singapore
ExplanationSubhash Chandra Bose announced the establishment of the Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore on October 21, 1943. It was also referred to as Free India or Azad Hind.Imperial Japan provided it with military, political, and financial support when it was founded.The Azad Hind government's army was known as the Indian National Army (INA).Hence, the correct answer is “Singapore".
Q154
The bill which provided for the trial of British or European persons by Indians was _____ .
✓ Correct answer: c) Ilbert Bill
ExplanationThe Ilbert Bill was a contentious piece of legislation that was introduced on February 9, 1883, when the Marquess of Ripon was serving as Viceroy.The purpose of the Bill was to open the door for senior Indian judges to sit over cases in India that included British nationals.Sir Courtenay Peregine Ilbert, who serves as a legal member on the Council of the Governor-General of India, was the one who authored the document.Hence, the correct answer is "Ilbert Bill ."
Q155
Chandannagar was established as a French colony in 1673 , obtaining permission from _______ the then Nawab of Bengal, to establish a trading post on the right bank of the river Hooghly.
✓ Correct answer: c) Ibrahim Khan
ExplanationOne of the five French Indian colonies, Chandannagar was situated on the Hooghly River's western bank.By obtaining Ibrahim Khan, the then- Nawab of Bengal, as approval, the French East India company founded it as a trade base in 1673. In 1688, the area was settled permanently by French people.In 1730, Joseph Dupleix was appointed mayor.French and British forces were at war for control of the Indian subcontinent at the time.Hence the correct answer is "Ibrahim Khan".
Q156
Which of the following British officers issued the infamous 'crawling order' whereby Indians had to crawl on all fours to pass an alley?
✓ Correct answer: a) General Dyer
ExplanationThe British government's "crawling order" was connected to the Jallianwala Bagh tragedy.The British Indian Army's General Reginald Dyer was the Brigadier who gave the order to soldiers to open fire on a mob of unarmed Indian people.It took place on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab.Rabindranath Tagore was horrified by this episode and forfeited his knighthood.Hence the correct answer is "General Dyer".
Q157
The Poona Pact of 1932 was an agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and ______.
✓ Correct answer: a) B.R. Ambedkar
ExplanationThe agreement that Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar signed on September 24, 1932, is known as the Poona Pact.Gandhi's prison fast, which he had instituted to protest British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald's decision to grant the Depressed Classes their own electorate, came to an end with this Pact.Under Lord Willingdon's leadership, it was signed.The agreement made in 1932 to reserve electoral seats for the lower classes in the British India Parliament is known as the Poona Pact.At the Yerwada Central Jail in Pune, Madan Mohan Malviya signed it on behalf of B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi.Hence, the correct answer is "B.R.Ambedkar".
Q158
The Paramhans Mandali was founded in 1840 at ___________ to work for the abolition of caste.
✓ Correct answer: c) Bombay
ExplanationIn the year 1849, the city of Bombay became the home of a covert socio- religious organisation known as the Paramahansa Mandali.It was begun by Dadoba Pandurang, Durgaram Mehtaji, and a handful of Durgaram Mehtaji's other acquaintances.It was the first organisation of its kind in the Indian state of Maharashtra.Hence, the correct answer is 'Bombay'.
Q159
The first session of All India Depressed Classes congress was held at ____ in 1930.
✓ Correct answer: a) Nagpur
ExplanationNagpur served as the location for the inaugural meeting of the All-India Depressed Classes Congress (AIDCC), which took place on August 8, 1930. B.R. Ambedkar, a prominent social reformer, jurist, and a key advocate for Dalit rights, played a pivotal role in organizing and leading the efforts of the All India Depressed Classes Congress.Hence, the correct answer is "Nagpur"
Q160
The Contempt of Courts Act was passed to define and limit the powers of certain courts in punishing contempt of courts and to regulate their procedure in relation thereto. In which of the following years was the Act passed?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1971
ExplanationIn 1971, the Contempt of Courts Act was adopted.An Act to Regulate the Procedure in Relation to Punishing Contempt of Courts and to Define and Limit the Powers of Certain Courts.The contempt of court is given by ‘wilful disobedience to any judgment, decree, direction, order, writ or other process of a court or wilful breach of an undertaking given to a court".The Indian Parliament enacted this Act in 1971 with the intention of defining what constitutes contempt of court.This indicates that the court's exercise of contempt jurisdiction is limited to preserving the integrity of the current legal system.Hence, the correct answer is "1971".
Q161
Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer, discovered the sea route to India in____.
✓ Correct answer: a) 1498
ExplanationOn May 20, 1498, two years after setting sail from Lisbon, Portugal, Vasco da Gama landed on the Western sea coast of India at Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala.This marked the beginning of his exploration of the Indian subcontinent.This was the first time that a European had travelled to India by way of the water.Hence, the correct answer is "1498"
Q162
What was the age in years of the revolutionary Bhagat Singh when he was hanged till death?
✓ Correct answer: b) 23
ExplanationBhagat Singh was 23 years old when he was executed.On 23rd March 1931, Bhagat Singh, Raj Guru, and Sukhdev were hanged to death.In connection with the Lahore conspiracy case, they received the death penalty.Denying the accused the right to appeal, the British Governor-General issued an ordinance creating a special tribunal to try the Lahore conspiracy case.India celebrates "Martyr's Day," also known as "Shaheed Diwas," on March 23 of each year as a memorial to the three revolutionaries who were hanged by the British: Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru, and Sukhdev Thapar.On September 27, 1907, Bhagat Singh was born in Punjab, India (now Pakistan), into a Sikh family that was heavily involved in politics.Hence, the correct answer is "23".
Q163
Based on Macaulay's Minute, the English Education Act was introduced in ____ .
✓ Correct answer: b) 1835
ExplanationThomas Babington Macaulay delivered his "Minute on Indian Education" on February 2, 1835. The purpose of this speech was to argue for the necessity of providing "natives" of India with an education in the English language.The report of Macaulay's Minute served as the foundation for the English Education Act of 1835. Hence, the correct answer is "1835."
Q164
The _________ considers a marriage as complete and binding at the completion of the Saptapadi ritual.
✓ Correct answer: b) The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
ExplanationSection 7 in The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 Hindus are free to marry in line with their own cultures' traditional rituals and ceremonies.These rituals and ceremonies include the saptpadi, which has the bridegroom and bride walking seven steps together in front of a holy fire.The marriage is considered to be final and binding after the seventh step is taken.Hence the correct answer is "The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955".
Q165
The Paramhans Mandali was established to work for the abolition of caste in ______.
✓ Correct answer: d) Bombay
ExplanationEstablished in Bombay, Paramhans Mandali was a significant and powerful Hindu socio-religious organization. 'Dadoba Pandrung' founded this organization.In 1840 (1849), Paramhans Mandali was founded to promote the abolition of caste.It operated as a covert social-radical society at first.The fundamental tenet of the Samaj was that genuine religion is founded on love and moral behavior, and that only God should be worshipped.All the members of this congregation were exhorted to abandon caste prejudice.Hence, the correct answer is "Bombay".
Q166
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded a reform association known as Brahmo Sabha which was later known as ______.
✓ Correct answer: d) Brahmo Samaj
ExplanationIn the year 1828, Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the Brahmo Sabha, which would eventually become known as the Brahmo Samaj.Its primary objective was the worship of the everlasting God, and it was opposed to the institution of priesthood as well as rites and sacrifices.It was thought that all faiths should work together to create a better world and put an emphasis on prayer, meditation, and the study of scripture.Hence, the correct answer is "Brahmo Samaj".
Q167
Who among the following Indian freedom fighters was fondly called Gandhi Buri (Ōld Lady Gandhi) for her dedication towards Gandhian principles?
✓ Correct answer: d) Matangini Hazra
ExplanationAn Indian revolutionary named Matangini Hazra took part in the fight for Indian independence.In front of the Tamluk Police Station in the Midnapore District, she was fatally shot by British Indian police.The names "Gandhi buri" and "Bangla for Old Lady Gandhi" were given to her with fondness.She participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920 and was detained for violating the Salt Act.She also took part in the campaign to abolish the chowkidari tax, or "Chowkidari Tax Bandha." Hence the correct answer is "Matangini Hazra".
Q168
The Ramakrishna Mission stressed the ideal of __________ through social service and selfless action.
✓ Correct answer: c) Salvation
ExplanationOn May 1, 1897, Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission with the purpose of emphasising the values of salvation by social service and the action of giving without expecting anything in return.His spiritual guide and patron, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, was the source of both the mission's name and its inspiration.Mystic Ramakrishna Paramahamsa was said to have resided and worshipped at the Dakshineshwar temple during his lifetime.Hence, the correct answer is "Salvation".
Q169
Vernacular press Act was enacted in which year?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1878
ExplanationThe Vernacular Press Act (1878) was enacted by British India in an effort to limit press freedom and quell opposition to British policies, particularly that which had grown since the start of the Second Anglo-Afghan War.The Viceroy's Council unanimously adopted the Act on March 14, 1878, after Lytton, the Viceroy of India at the time, submitted it.The Vernacular Press Act (VPA) was created to "better control" the vernacular press and to criminalize and outlaw "seditious literature" in "publications in oriental languages." Consequently, the British had nothing but animosity towards the Indian press, which did not speak English.Hence, the correct answer is "1878".
Q170
When did the Indian Independence Act receive the British royal assent?
✓ Correct answer: a) July 1947
ExplanationThe Indian Independence Act of 1947 is a piece of legislation that was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is responsible for the division of British India into the two new sovereign dominions of India and Pakistan.The Act was given the Royal Assent on July 18, 1947; hence, modern-day India and Pakistan came into existence on August 15, 1947, with the west becoming Pakistan and the east becoming Bangladesh.Finally the transfer of power took place.Hence, the correct answer is " July 1947 ."
Q171
Which of the following was a fishing colony that was used as a port for trading with the Romans and the Greco-Romans in ancient India?
✓ Correct answer: c) Arikamedu
ExplanationIn Pondicherry, Arikamedu was a historic Roman trading hub and coastal community.Between 200 BC and 200 AD, the fishing colony of Arikamedu served as a port for trade with Greco-Roman and Roman traders.Here too, there is evidence of inland trade along the river valley routes with other megalithic sites such as Musiri, Suttukeni, Kaveripattinam, and Alagankulam.Situated on the banks of the Bhogava River, a right tributary of the Sabarmati River, lies the Gujarati port city of Lothal.Pulakeshin governed from Badami, the Chalukyan capital and the principal city south of the Narmada River.Hence, the correct answer is "Arikamedu".
Q172
Which one of the following is connected with the ‘Blue Water’ policy?
✓ Correct answer: a) Francisco de Almeida
ExplanationThe ‘Blue Water’ policy is attributed to Francisco de Almeida.He was the first Viceroy of Portuguese possessions in India.According to it, “The Portuguese should be the sole trade power in the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean”.Hence, the correct answer is “Francisco de Almeida”.
Q173
The Hindu college was established in 1791 at ______.
✓ Correct answer: d) Banaras
ExplanationThe Hindu college was founded in 1791 with the goal of promoting the study of Sanskrit literature from ancient times.The Sanskrit College was founded by Governor General Lord Cornwallis and Sri Jonathan Duncan.Jonathan Duncan proposed the creation of a Sanskrit college to support Indian education in Britain by cultivating and maintaining Sanskrit Vangmaya.The Sanskrit college was elevated to the status of a university in 1958, and the name was changed to Sampurnanand Sanskrit University in 1974. On March 22, 1958, Dr. Sampurnanand, the then-chief minister, and Pt.Kamlapati Tripathi, the minister of education, established the university in Varanasi.Hence, the correct answer is "Banaras".
Q174
Which of the following events occurred before 1919?
✓ Correct answer: d) Partition of Bengal
ExplanationLord Curzon, the viceroy of India at the time, declared the partition of Bengal on July 20 and it officially began on October 16 of that same year.Mohandas K. Gandhi, the head of the Indian nationalist movement, and Lord Irwin agreed to a deal on March 5, 1931. The Chauri Chaura event happened on February 4, 1922, in Chauri Chaura, United Provinces (modern-day Uttar Pradesh), in the Gorakhpur district.The 1929 Congress meeting was held in Lahore.Because the influential party Indian National Congress adopted the resolution of Poorna Swaraj or total independence, this Lahore session was particularly significant.Hence, the correct answer is "Partition of Bengal".
Q175
In which of the following years was the Indian National Congress split into two groups named as Moderates and Extremists?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1907
ExplanationIn 1907, the session of the Indian National Congress was held in Surat, in which the Congress was divided into two parties called the Extremist Party and the Moderate Dal.This is called the Surat division.The session of 1907 was presided over by Rash Behari Ghosh.Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Pherozeshah Mehta, and Surendranath Banerjee were in charge of the moderates, while Lokmanya Tilak, Lajpat Rai, and Sri Aurobindo were in charge of the extremists during this time period.Hence, the correct answer is "1907".
Q176
Who among the following revolutionaries was associated with Swadesh Bandhav Samiti?
✓ Correct answer: d) Ashwini Kumar Dutta
ExplanationAfter the partition of Bengal in 1905, Ashwini Kumar Dutta established the Swadesh Bandhab Samiti on August 6, 1905. The organization was founded in Barisal (present-day Bangladesh) as part of the wider Swadeshi Movement against British colonial policies.The primary objective of the Samiti was to promote the use of swadeshi (Indian- made) goods and to discourage the use of foreign products, especially British goods.It played an important role in spreading nationalist ideas among the masses, particularly in rural areas, through education, awareness campaigns, and social work.The Samiti also worked towards improving local self-reliance by encouraging indigenous industries and economic independence.It organized volunteer groups, set up schools, and promoted national education to strengthen the spirit of nationalism.Through its activities, the Swadesh Bandhab Samiti became one of the most influential organizations of the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal.Hence, the correct answer is "Ashwini Kumar Dutta."
Q177
Which of the following parties supported the move for partition of Bengal?
✓ Correct answer: c) All India Muslim League
ExplanationThe partition of Bengal was advocated by the All-India Muslim League in 1905. The Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905 was Lord Curzon.On October 16, 1905, during his viceroyalty, the province of Bengal was divided.The idea of using the Bengal partition as a political tool to undermine the growing nationalism in Bengal.According to Curzon, Bengal (which includes the present-day West Bengal, Odisha, and Bihar) and Eastern Bengal and Assam would be the two provinces following the partition.The majority population in Bengal would be Hindu, while that in Eastern Bengal and Assam would be Muslim.Its capital would remain Calcutta.Hence, the correct answer is "All India Muslim League".
Q178
Against whom was the Battle of Plassey (1757) fought by the English Company led by Robert Clive?
✓ Correct answer: b) Siraj Ud Daulah
ExplanationThe Battle of Plassey was fought on 23 June 1757 between the British East India Company led by Robert Clive and Siraj ud Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal.The battle is considered a historic victory for the British and marked the beginning of British rule in India.Other options are faults.The Nizam of Awadh Murshid Quli Khan and the Shan Nawabs were not involved in the Battle of Plassey.Hence, the correct answer is “Siraj Ud Daulah”.
Q179
Which of the following revolutionaries was arrested by the British as an accused in the Alipore Bomb Conspiracy Case?
✓ Correct answer: a) Kanailal Dutta
ExplanationThe Alipore Conspiracy case, 1908: This criminal case took place in India in 1908 and was also known as the Muraripukur conspiracy or the Manicktolla bomb conspiracy.Several Indian nationalists from the Anushilan Samiti were put on trial in Calcutta for allegedly "waging war against the Government" of the British Raj.The British detained Kanailal Dutta as a suspect in the Alipore Bomb Conspiracy Case.He was a revolutionary from the Jugantar group who fought for India's independence.He was born in West Bengal, in Chandannagar.Hence, the correct answer is "Kanailal Dutta".
Q180
Shyamji Krishna Varma established India House at _________ in 1905.
✓ Correct answer: d) London
ExplanationIn 1905, Shyamji Krishna Varma founded the India House in London.India House was a student apartment building located on Cromwell Avenue in North London's Highgate.Journalist, attorney, and Indian patriot Shyamji Krishna Varma.India House, The Indian Sociologist, and the Indian Home Rule Society were all founded by him in London.In 1905, he established The Indian Sociologist and India House.An Indian nationalist publication was The Indian Sociologist.On February 18, 1905, Shyamji gave the Indian Home Rule Society its official launch.Hence, the correct answer is "London".
Q181
The proposed Rowlett Act of 1919 allowed the detention of political prisoners without trial for ______.
✓ Correct answer: a) two years
ExplanationThere was a law in British India called the Rowlatt Act.A legislative council statute was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in Delhi on March 18, 1919. Passed in the midst of World War I, the Defence of India Act of 1915 extended the emergency provisions of preventative indefinite detention, imprisonment without trial, and indefinite judicial review.The recommendations of the Rowlatt Committee were accepted, and the committee was renamed in honor of its chairman, Sir Sidney Rowlatt.The act essentially gave the colonial British government permission to detain for up to two years anyone living in British India who was suspected of being a terrorist.It bestowed upon the colonial authorities the authority to handle any revolutionary activity.Hence, the correct answer is "two years".
Q182
Which of the following legislations ought to allow senior Indian magistrates to preside over cases involving British subjects in India?
✓ Correct answer: a) Ilbert Bill, 1884
ExplanationSenior Indian magistrates should be able to oversee cases involving British subjects in India owing to the Ilbert Bill of 1884. Sir Courtenay Peregrine Ilbert, the legal member of the Council of the Governor- General of India, drafted the Ilbert Bill, which was introduced on February 9, 1883, during the Viceroyship of Lord Ripon.It was concerned about the jurisdiction of Magistrates or Sessions Judges to try charges against European British subjects if they were themselves not European.Before the bill was finally passed into law in 1884 in a seriously compromised state, it faced fierce opposition in Britain and from British settlers in India.This ultimately aggravated racial tensions.The Indian National Congress was formed in the wake of this contentious bill.Hence, the correct answer is "Ilbert Bill, 1884".
Q183
Who among the following leaders of Indian Freedom Movement gave the slogan ‘Freedom is my birthright and I shall have it’?
✓ Correct answer: b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
ExplanationBal Gangadhar Tilak (Lokmanya Tilak), who is regarded as the Indian independence movement's founding leader, coined the phrase "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it." In 1914, he established the Indian Home Rule League and served as its first President.In 1916, he and Mohammed Ali Jinnah signed the Lucknow Pact, which called for Hindu and Muslim solidarity in the nationalist cause.Hence, the correct answer is "Bal Gangadhar Tilak".
Q184
The first session of the Indian National Congress was held at ______.
✓ Correct answer: a) Bombay
ExplanationFrom the 28th to the 31st of December in 1885, Bombay played host to the First Session of the Indian National Congress.Womesh Chandra Banerjee, a well- known Bengali lawyer, presided over the meeting as its chairperson.At the meeting, there were a total of 72 delegates.The Indian National Congress played a pivotal role in the Indian independence movement against British colonial rule.The party's early leaders included prominent figures like Allan Octavian Hume and Dadabhai Naoroji.Hence, the correct answer is "Bombay".
Q185
Which of the following has discovered the sea route to India (1498)?
✓ Correct answer: d) Vasco Da Gama
ExplanationVasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who arrived in India in1498, after travelling to the continent by sea.Portugal's Vasco da Gama set off from Lisbon in 1497 to reach India and establish a sea route from Europe to the East.Vasco da Gama discovered the sea passage to India in 1498. His mission sailed down Africa's western coast and around the Cape of Good Hope, making several stops along the way, until landing in the commercial port of Calicut, India, in May 1498. Hence, the correct answer is "Vasco Da Gama"
Q186
In 1498, Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer had discovered a route to __________.
✓ Correct answer: a) India
ExplanationIn 1498, Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer, discovered the sea route to India via the Cape of Good Hope.He landed at Calicut (now Kozhikode), Kerala, marking the beginning of European sea trade with India.This discovery opened direct maritime trade between Europe and India.Hence, the correct answer is India.
Q187
Battle of Buxar was fought in _______.
✓ Correct answer: c) 1764
ExplanationThe Battle of Buxar was fought on October 22, 1764 AD.The Mughal emperor Shah Alam II, the British, and the joint armies of Nawab Mir Qasim of Bengal, and Nawab Sujauddaula of Awadh, participated in the battle.On October 22, 1764, the United Indian Army was vanquished in the Battle of Buxar.Sujauddaulah, Shah Alam, and Company Governor Clive signed a treaty in Allahabad in 1765. The company received civil rights under this treaty in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa, allowing it to collect revenue from these regions.Hence, the correct answer is "1764".
Q188
In which of the following years was the Mont- Ford Reforms report presented by the British colonial government in India?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1918
ExplanationMontagu-Chelmsford Report was formed on the basis of the Government of India Act 1919, was published on 8th July 1918. British Government has appointed Edwin Montagu as the Secretary of State for India in 1917 and remained in that office till 1922. He brought out a detailed report titled Constitutional Reforms in India, along with the Governor-General of India Lord Chelmsford, The report is also called the Montagu- Chelmsford Report.Hence, "1918" is the correct answer.
Q189
Ryotwari system of revenue collection in India, introduced by the British, was based on the _______.
✓ Correct answer: b) Ricardian theory of rent
ExplanationThe Ryotwari system of revenue collection in India, introduced by the British, was based on the:Ricardian theory of rent The Ryotwari system of revenue collection was introduced by the British in India during their colonial rule.This system was designed to collect land revenue directly from individual farmers or "ryots." The average income from different types of soil was estimated, the revenue-paying capacity of the ryot was assessed and a proportion of it fixed as the share of the state.The lands were resurveyed every 30 years and the revenue rates increased.Therefore the revenue demand was no longer permanent.The system was based on the principles of the Ricardian theory of rent, which was formulated by the British economist David Ricardo.Hence the correct answer is "Ricardian theory of rent".
Q190
With which of the following Government of India Acts did the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms introduce Dyarchy in the provinces?
✓ Correct answer: d) Government of India Act, 1919
ExplanationThe Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms, also known as the Government of India Act 1919, were a major reform of the British Indian government.They brought in a dual system where some matters were overseen by Indian ministers under provincial legislatures, and others by British officials under the Governor.This aimed to meet Indian demands for self-rule.The plan faced challenges, as it was tough to categorize subjects for administration.Indian ministers had limited power, while British officials were hesitant to yield authority.The system ended in 1935 with the Government of India Act, which centralized governance.The reforms marked a step toward self- governance and paved the way for later changes.Hence, the correct answer is "Government of India Act, 1919".
Q191
Who among the following was the President of the Indian National Congress during the 1915 session?
✓ Correct answer: a) Satyendra Prasanna Sinha
ExplanationSatyendra Prasanna Sinha served as the President of the Indian National Congress during its session in 1915 held in Bombay.He was a distinguished lawyer and a prominent statesman in British India, known for his contributions to Indian politics and law.Sinha was the first Indian to join the Executive Council of the Viceroy as a result of the Indian Councils Act of 1909, marking a significant step for Indian representation in governance.He also held several important positions, including being the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa and the first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal.Sinha's leadership in the Congress during this period was vital as it represented a time of growing political awareness and activism among Indians.Hence, the correct answer is "Satyendra Prasanna Sinha."
Q192
In 1942, the British government sent the ______ mission to India.
✓ Correct answer: a) Cripps
ExplanationThe Cripps Mission was a significant political initiative sent by the British government to India during World War II.It was led by Sir Stafford Cripps, a senior British politician.The mission arrived in India in March 1942 and was dispatched with the primary goal of seeking Indian cooperation and support for the British war effort, particularly in the context of the global conflict.Hence, the correct answer is "Cripps".
Q193
Who was the first Indian to qualify for Covenanted service?
✓ Correct answer: c) Satyendra Nath Tagore
ExplanationCivil Service Commission was set up in 1854 in London and competitive examinations were started in 1855. Initially, the examinations for the Indian Civil Service were conducted only in London.The maximum age was 23 years and the minimum age was 18 years.The syllabus was designed such that European Classics had a predominant share of marks.All this made it difficult for Indian candidates.Nevertheless, in 1864, the first Indian, Shri Satyendranath Tagore, the brother of Shri Rabindranath Tagore succeeded.Hence, the correct answer is "Satyendra Nath Tagore".
Q194
Self-Government or 'Swaraj' as the ultimate goal of the Indian National Congress-this declaration was made by Dadabhai Naoroji in which of the following sessions of the INC?
✓ Correct answer: b) Calcutta
ExplanationDadabhai Naoroji declared Self- Government or 'Swaraj' as the ultimate goal of the Indian National Congress in the Calcutta session of 1906. This was a major turning point in the Indian independence movement, as it marked the first time that the Congress had officially adopted a goal of complete independence from British rule.Naoroji was a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement and is considered to be the "Grand Old Man of India".He was a strong advocate of Swaraj, or self-government, and believed that it was the only way to achieve true freedom for India.Naoroji's declaration of Swaraj as the goal of the INC was a significant step in the Indian independence movement and helped to inspire millions of Indians to join the struggle for freedom.Hence, the correct answer is "Calcutta".
Q195
Identify the INCORRECTLY matched pair(s) of the British Governor-Generals of India and the events with which they are associated. i) Lord Dalhousie - Revolt of 1857 ii) Lord Auckland - First Afghan War iii) Lord Canning - Wood's Despatch 1854
✓ Correct answer: c) Only (i) and (iii)
ExplanationLord Dalhousie was the Governor- General before the Revolt of 1857, but he was not associated with the revolt itself.His policies, like the Doctrine of Lapse, contributed to discontent leading up to the revolt, but the revolt occurred under Lord Canning's tenure.Lord Auckland was indeed associated with the First Afghan War (1839–1842), as his policies led to British intervention in Afghanistan, marking the start of the conflict.Lord Canning was the Governor-General during the Revolt of 1857 and not linked with Wood's Despatch, which was issued in 1854 during Lord Dalhousie’s tenure.Wood's Despatch laid the foundation for modern education in India.Hence, the correct answer is "Only (i) and (iii)."
Q196
Pathans in North-West India organised the society of Khudai Khidmatgars, popularly known as Red Shirt, under whose leadership?
✓ Correct answer: c) Abdul Ghaffar Khan
ExplanationThe Khudai Khidmatgar movement, popularly known as the Red Shirt movement, was organized by the Pashtun community in the North-West region of India, specifically in the modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.The movement was founded by Abdul Ghaffar Khan, who is also known as "Bacha Khan." The Khudai Khidmatgars were led by Abdul Ghaffar Khan and played a significant role in advocating for social, political, and economic rights for the Pashtun community and opposing British colonial rule.The Khudai Khidmatgar movement aimed to address various socio-economic issues faced by the Pashtun community, such as land reforms, education, and political representation.It also strongly opposed the repressive measures of the British colonial administration.Hence, the correct answer is "Abdul Ghaffar Khan".
Q197
Khan Bahadur led the revolt of 1857 from:
✓ Correct answer: d) Bareilly
ExplanationKhan Bahadur Khan Rohilla was born in the year 1823. His grandfather was Shri Hafiz Rahmat Khan, the Nawab of Rohilkand in Uttar Pradesh.As a mark of protest during the Indian revolt against British colonial rule in 1857, Khan Bahadur formed his own government in Bareilly. the British captured Bareilly during the Revolt of 1857. On 31 May 1857, Khan Bahadur Khan Rohilla declared independence at Bareilly.Hence, the correct answer is "Bareilly".
Q198
The Ryotwari system of revenue collection in India, introduced by the British, was based on the _____.
✓ Correct answer: b) Ricardian theory of rent
ExplanationThe Ryotwari system was implemented by the British in India.It aimed to streamline revenue collection by directly settling with individual farmers or cultivators.This system was aligned with the Ricardian theory of rent, which was proposed by economist David Ricardo.The Ricardian theory of rent suggests that rent arises from the scarcity of land relative to the demand for its use.According to this theory, rent increases as the demand for land increases, leading to higher agricultural productivity.Hence, the correct answer is "Ricardian theory of rent."
Q199
Lord Curzon declared the partition of _______ in 1905.
✓ Correct answer: d) Bengal
ExplanationOn July 20, 1905, Lord Curzon declared that Bengal would be split into two separate parts: East Bengal and Assam in one part, and the rest of Bengal in another part.The Partition of Bengal officially took place on October 16th, 1905, which resulted in the creation of a new province of East Bengal and a reduction in the size of the old province of Bengal.The government's explanation for this division was to encourage growth and development in the underdeveloped Eastern region of Bengal.However, the actual motive behind the partition was to eliminate the political power of the uneducated middle class, who were being led by the prominent Bengali intelligentsia.The Indian National Congress (INC) was strongly opposed to the partition of Bengal and condemned it unanimously.Hence, the correct answer is "Bengal".
Q200
When was the Secretary of State for India made responsible for the Government of British India by bringing about changes in the Home Government?
✓ Correct answer: a) 1858
ExplanationIn 1858, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (also known as the Indian Mutiny or Sepoy Mutiny), the British Crown assumed direct control over India from the East India Company.This marked the end of the company's rule in India.The Government of India Act of 1858, also known as the Act for the Better Government of India, transferred the administration of India from the British East India Company to the British Crown.A minister of the British government who was known as the secretary of state, was made responsible for the government of India.Hence the correct answer is "1858".
Q201
When did the All India Congress formalise the demand for 'Purna Swaraj' or full independence for India?
✓ Correct answer: b) At its Lahore Session in 1929
ExplanationThe demand for 'Purna Swaraj' or full independence for India was a crucial milestone in the Indian freedom movement.It was officially adopted by the Indian National Congress at its Lahore Session in 1929. This resolution, moved by Jawaharlal Nehru, declared that January 26, 1930, would be observed as Independence Day, and people were urged to peacefully protest British colonial rule.Hence, the correct answer is "At its Lahore Session in 1929".
Q202
Who introduced the Zamindari Settlement as a measure of land revenue administration?
✓ Correct answer: c) Lord Cornwallis
ExplanationThe Permanent Settlement had come into operation in 1793. It was introduced by Lord Cornwallis.By the terms of the settlement, the rajas and taluqdars were recognized as zamindars.They were asked to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the Company.The amount to be paid was fixed permanently, that is, it was not to be increased in the future.The estates of those who failed to pay were to be auctioned to recover the revenue.The Zamindari System was first implemented by Lord Cornwallis through his Permanent Settlement Act.The Zamindari System consisted of three main parts: the British, the Zamindar (landlord), and the peasants.Recognized as a primary land revenue system Hence the correct answer is "Lord Cornwallis".
Q203
Who founded the Tattvabodhini Sabha that was set up to explore spiritual truth?
✓ Correct answer: c) Debendranath Tagore
ExplanationThe Tattvabodhini Sabha, founded to explore spiritual truth, was established by Debendranath Tagore.Debendranath Tagore was a prominent social and religious reformer in the 19th century and played a significant role in the Bengal Renaissance.The Sabha aimed to promote discussions on spiritual and philosophical matters and was instrumental in the propagation of the Brahmo Samaj movement, which sought to reform Hinduism and promote monotheism.Hence, the correct answer is "Debendranath Tagore".
Q204
Which of the following was one of the first countries to use iron for the manufacture of weapons in as early as 1700 BCE?
✓ Correct answer: a) Romania
ExplanationAround 1700 BCE, iron first appeared in Romania, and shortly after that, in Greece.It happened occasionally during the Middle and Late Bronze Age, with the exception of Iberia, Britain, and a few other locations in Western Europe.The earliest iron was used to repair bronze objects as well as to make small knives, pins, and other personal goods.Iron was only employed for heavy tools in Romania during the Bronze Age; towards the conclusion of the Bronze Age, iron- made tools and some weapons spread throughout Europe.Hence, the correct answer is "Romania".
Q205
The policy of dual system of government of Bengal was the brainchild of which Governor- General?
✓ Correct answer: b) Lord Clive
ExplanationThe policy of the dual system of government in Bengal was implemented by Lord Clive.During his second term as Governor of Bengal, Lord Clive introduced the dual system of government, also known as the Dual Government of Bengal.Under this system, the British East India Company took control of the revenue collection and administration of Bengal, while the Nawab of Bengal continued to hold nominal authority.Hence, the correct answer is "Lord Clive".
Q206
Who led the Revolt of 1857 in Bihar?
✓ Correct answer: c) Veer Kunwar Singh
ExplanationAzimullah: A key figure in the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Azimullah fought against British rule, advocating for independence and leading the revolt in Lucknow.Bakht Khan: An important leader in the 1857 uprising, Bakht Khan led rebel forces in Delhi, fiercely opposing British control and aiming for a free India.Veer Kunwar Singh: A heroic icon of the 1857 revolt, Veer Kunwar Singh fought valiantly in Bihar, symbolizing resistance against British oppression.Maulvi Ahmadullah: A significant participant in the 1857 rebellion, Maulvi Ahmadullah contributed to the revolt's spread in Awadh, challenging British dominance and advocating for Indian freedom.Hence, the correct answer is "Veer Kunwar Singh".
Q207
The Cabinet Mission came to India in_____ to discuss the ultimate transfer of power.
✓ Correct answer: a) 1946
ExplanationThe Cabinet Mission arrived in India in 1946 to address the issue of the transfer of power from British rule to Indian leadership.The mission was sent by the British government to negotiate with Indian leaders and find a solution to the political deadlock.On March 24, 1946, the Cabinet Mission arrived in Delhi.It held extensive conversations with Indian leaders from all parties and groupings on the topics of interim administration and principles and processes for drafting a new constitution that would grant India independence.Hence, the correct answer is "1946".
Q208
Under whom viceroyship was CP Ilbert become a law member of the council?
✓ Correct answer: c) Lord Ripon
ExplanationThe Ilbert Bill, proposed during the viceroyship of Lord Ripon in 1883, was prepared by Sir Courtenay Peregrine Ilbert, who was a law member of the Viceroy's council.The bill aimed to address the issue of racial discrimination by allowing cases involving British subjects to be tried by Indian magistrates.This proposed change sought to remove the distinction between European and Indian judges in certain legal matters and promote equality before the law.Hence, the correct answer is “Lord Ripon”.
Q209
Who among the following freedom fighters lost his life during the protest against Simon Commission where black flags were waved at the Commission?
✓ Correct answer: a) Lala Lajpat Rai
ExplanationLala Lajpat Rai in 1928, led a silent protest against the Simon Commission in Lahore when he was brutally lathi- charged by Superintendent of Police, James Scott.He died of injuries sustained a few weeks later.In 1928, he moved a resolution in the assembly refusing cooperation with the Simon Commission since the Commission had no Indian members.Lala Lajpat Rai was one of the greatest freedom fighters of India.He was also called ‘Punjab Kesari’ and 'Lion of Punjab'.He was influenced by Swami Dayananda Saraswati and joined the Arya Samaj in Lahore.He believed that the ideals in Hinduism combined with nationalism would lead to the establishment of a secular state.Along with Bipin Chandra Pal and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, he formed the Lal-Bal- Pal trio of extremist leaders.Hence, the correct answer is "Lala Lajpat Rai".
Q210
Who among the following signed the Poona pact with Mahatma Gandhi?
✓ Correct answer: d) Bhimrao Ambedkar
ExplanationThe Poona Pact, also known as the Yerwada Pact, was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and B. R. Ambedkar in 1932. The pact aimed to provide better political representation to the Depressed Classes (later known as the Scheduled Castes) in legislative bodies.It provided reserved seats for them in provincial and central legislatures, to be elected by the general electorate.Hence, the correct answer is "Bhimrao Ambedkar".
Q211
Which of the following was established in Bombay in (1875)?
✓ Correct answer: d) Arya Samaj
ExplanationArya Samaj, a reform movement in India, was established on April 7, 1875, by Swami Dayananda Saraswati.Arya Samaj was actually founded in Bombay (now Mumbai), which was the location of its first centre.The movement aimed to promote the principles of Vedic philosophy, social reform, and cultural revitalization.Swami Dayananda Saraswati sought to emphasize the teachings of the Vedas and to address various social and religious issues prevalent during his time.Arya Samaj played a significant role in advocating for education, women's rights, and other progressive ideas within Indian society.Hence, the correct answer is "Arya Samaj".
Q212
Who among the following, along with her close associates, started the secret congress radio during the Quit India Movement?
✓ Correct answer: d) Usha Mehta
ExplanationDr. Usha Mehta, popularly known as Ushaben, is well known for organizing the Congress Radio.It was on 14 August 1942, that Usha and some of her close associates began the Secret Congress Radio, a clandestine radio station that went on air on 27 August 1942. The radio broadcasted recorded messages from Gandhiji, nationalistic songs, and stirring speeches by revolutionaries and other eminent leaders from across India.It also broadcasted news in English and Hindi.It used to commence with the song “Hindustan Hamara” and close with “ Vande Mataram”.Hence, the correct answer is "Usha Mehta".
Q213
Karsondas Mulji and Dadoba Pandurang were associated with ________, which worked against evils like caste system and encouraged widow remarriage.
✓ Correct answer: a) Paramahansa Mandali
ExplanationKarsondas Mulji and Dadoba Pandurang were social reformers.They formed Manav Dharma Sabha in 1844 and Paramhansa Mandali in 1849. These organizations aimed to combat social evils like the caste system.They actively promoted the remarriage of widows.Their efforts were instrumental in challenging societal norms and advocating for progressive change.Hence, the correct answer is "Paramahansa Mandali."
Q214
_____announced the bifurcation of the British Indian Empire into a secular India and Islamic Pakistan.
✓ Correct answer: c) Lord Louis Mountbatten
ExplanationLord Louis Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India during the time of the Indian independence movement.He announced the plan for the partition of British India into the nations of India and Pakistan on June 3, 1947. This plan, known as the "Mountbatten Plan," aimed to create a secular India and a separate Islamic Pakistan.The plan included the principles of partition, autonomy, sovereignty to both nations, right to make their constitution.The plan led to the independence of India on August 15, 1947. Hence the correct answer is "Lord Louis Mountbatten".
Q215
Who among the following gave the famous 'Do or Die' slogan during Quit India Movement?
✓ Correct answer: d) Mahatma Gandhi
ExplanationMahatma Gandhi gave this slogan during a speech in Mumbai in 1942. It was the beginning of the Quit India Movement.It was the last call to evacuate the British. slogan means either give your best to make India free as much as possible or die in that attempt.The renowned speech titled “Do or Die” is credited with being the spark that ignited the “Quit India” campaign, also known as the “Bharat Chhodo Andolan.” This was the final major civil disobedience action that was organised before India became an independent republic in 1947. Hence the correct answer is Mahatma Gandhi
Q216
Who among the following leaders from INC attended the Second Round Table Conference?
✓ Correct answer: a) Mahatma Gandhi
ExplanationTo examine India's constitutional reforms, a series of conferences known as the Round Table Conference were convened from November 1930 to December 1932. The British government planned it.Between September and December of 1931, the Second Round Table Conference took place.At the Second Round Table Conference, Mahatma Gandhi represented Congress.Sarojini Naidu and Mahatma Gandhi both attended the meeting.Hence, the correct answer is "Mahatma Gandhi".
Q217
The Ryotwari Settlement, in which cultivators had to pay annual taxes directly to the government, was primarily introduced in which of the following provinces?
✓ Correct answer: c) Madras and Bombay
ExplanationThe Ryotwari Settlement system, established during British colonial rule in India, required cultivators to pay taxes directly to the government.This approach was mainly introduced in the provinces of Madras and Bombay.Under this system, individual farmers or "ryots" were considered direct revenue payers.They were given rights to cultivate land, and they paid taxes based on the assessment of their land's productivity.This system aimed to simplify revenue collection and reduce intermediaries.Hence, the correct answer is "Madras and Bombay'.
Q218
The rule of the English East India company was ended in British India under the Government of India Act,
✓ Correct answer: a) 1858
ExplanationThe Government of India Act, 1858, known as the Act for the Better Government of India, was a pivotal legislation following the Indian Rebellion of 1857. It marked a transition from British East India Company rule to direct control under the British Crown, establishing the British Raj.The act transferred authority and territories to the Crown, introduced the Secretary of State for India in the British Cabinet, and changed the Governor- General's title to Viceroy.The Viceroy's Council was expanded, and the Indian Civil Service (ICS) was established.Provincial governments led by Governors were created, and financial control was centralized.The act laid the foundation for British Raj until India's independence in 1947. Hence, the correct answer is "1858".
Q219
Who led the English army in the Battle of Buxar?
✓ Correct answer: c) Hector Munro
ExplanationThe Battle of Buxar was a pivotal event in the history of British colonization of India.It was fought on October 22, 1764, near the town of Buxar in present-day Bihar.The battle involved the forces of the British East India Company led by Hector Munro and the combined armies of the Nawab of Bengal, Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Oudh, Shuja-ud-Daula, and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.The Battle of Buxar saw Hector Munro effectively organize and lead the British forces against the combined Indian coalition.His leadership skills and military expertise contributed to the British East India Company's triumph, which further solidified its control over significant territories in India.The victory at the Battle of Buxar had profound implications for the balance of power in India.It led to the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765, which granted the British East India Company the Diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.Hence, the correct answer is "Hector Munro".
Q220
'Hind Swaraj' or 'Indian Home Rule' is written by which of the following freedom fighters?
✓ Correct answer: b) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation'Hind Swaraj' or 'Indian Home Rule' is a book written by Mahatma Gandhi.Gandhi's political and philosophical views are presented in this 1909 publication, which articulates his goals for India's socioeconomic change and self- governance.Gandhi calls out the materialism of Western society in this key text and urges a return to ancient Indian ideals and self- sufficiency.He stresses the value of nonviolent protest (Satyagraha) as a strategy for achieving true independence.He confronts the underlying roots of India's oppression with profound insights, asking Indians to embrace independence and harmony with nature.The book "Hind Swaraj" lays the groundwork for Gandhi's ideals, which would later be essential to India's struggle for independence and serve as an inspiration for movements for justice and equality around the world.Hence, the correct answer is "Mahatma Gandhi".
Q221
The Act that is also known as ‘Morley-Minto Reforms’ is:
✓ Correct answer: b) Indian Councils Act, 1909
ExplanationThe Indian Councils Act of 1909, enacted by the British Parliament, introduced reforms in the legislative councils and allowed limited Indian participation in governance.The act is commonly known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, named after John Morley (Secretary of State for India), the 4th Earl of Minto (Viceroy of India).It marked an important step in increasing Indian involvement in the legislative process during British rule.Hence, the correct answer is "Indian Councils Act, 1909".
Q222
Which Session of Congress and Muslim League reached an understanding of creating a joint front against the British regime?
✓ Correct answer: c) Lucknow
ExplanationThe Congress and the Muslim League reached an understanding of creating a joint front against the British regime in the Lucknow Pact of 1916. The Lucknow Pact was an agreement between the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League.It was signed on December 25, 1916, at the All India Muslim League's annual session in Lucknow.The pact was a significant development in the Indian independence movement.It showed that the two major Hindu and Muslim political parties were willing to work together to achieve their common goal of independence.Hence, the correct answer is “Lucknow”.
Q223
Who among the following leaders led the Bardoli Satyagraha?
✓ Correct answer: d) Vallabhbhai Patel
ExplanationLala Lajpat Rai led the non-cooperation movement against the British during the independence movement and was a prominent leader of the Punjab.Motilal Nehru led the Swaraj Party and the Nehru Report, advocating for constitutional reforms and self- governance for India.C. Rajagopalachari led the Individual Satyagraha and Quit India Movement, and he was associated with various civil disobedience movements against British rule.Vallabhbhai Patel led various peasant movements, including the Bardoli Satyagraha.He was also a key leader during the Quit India Movement.The Bardoli Satyagraha, led by Sardar Patel in Gujarat during the 1920s, protested against high land taxes and the British oppression of farmers.It followed non-violent civil disobedience and succeeded in reducing land revenue rates, bolstering Patel's leadership and showcasing the effectiveness of non- violent resistance in the Indian freedom struggle Hence, the correct answer is "Vallabhbhai Patel".
Q224
In which year was the Vernacular Press Act enacted in British India?
✓ Correct answer: d) 1878
ExplanationThe Vernacular Press Act was passed by Lord Lytton in 1878. The Vernacular Press Act was also enacted in an effort to silence those who were critical of the government.The Act allowed the government to confiscate the assets of newspapers including their printing presses if the newspapers published anything that was found “objectionable”.From now on the government kept regular track of the vernacular newspapers published in different provinces.When a report was judged as seditious, the newspaper was warned, and if the warning was ignored, the press was liable to be seized and the printing machinery confiscated.The number of Nationalist Newspapers was increasing despite repressive measures taken by the British government all over India.Hence, the correct answer is "1878".
Q225
In 1908, .......... and Prafulla Chaki threw a bomb at a carriage that was occupied, they believed, by Kingsford, the unpopular judge of Muzzafarpur.
✓ Correct answer: b) Khudiram Bose
ExplanationIn 1908, the individuals who threw a bomb at a carriage in an attempt to target Judge Kingsford, known for being an unpopular judge in Muzzafarpur, were Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki.Khudiram Bose, a young revolutionary from Bengal, was associated with the efforts of several nationalist groups in India.Unfortunately, their assassination attempt led to the unintended killing of two British women who were in the carriage.This incident was a part of the larger revolutionary movement in India, with individuals like Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki playing significant roles in the struggle for India's independence.Their actions became part of the historic narrative of resistance against British colonial rule.Additional Information Khudiram Bose was arrested, put on trial, and later sentenced to death.He was executed at a young age, making him one of the youngest freedom fighters to sacrifice his life for the cause of Indian independence.His bravery and sacrifice in the face of colonial oppression became an inspiration for many in the fight for India's freedom.Hence the correct answer is "Khudiram Bose".
Q226
The first railway line in India was started from ____ to _____ in 1853.
✓ Correct answer: d) Bombay to Thane
ExplanationThe first railway line in India was started from Bombay (now Mumbai) to Thane on April 16, 1853. It was a 34-kilometer line that was built by the Great Indian Peninsula Railway Company.The train was pulled by three locomotives named Sahib, Sultan, and Sindh.The train journey from Bombay to Thane took about an hour and a half in 1853. Today, the same journey takes about 30 minutes by train.The first railway line in India was a major milestone in the country's development.It helped to connect different parts of the country and boost trade and commerce.The Indian Railways network is now one of the largest in the world, with over 68,000 kilometers of track.It carries over 23 million passengers and 3 million tons of freight every day.Hence, the correct answer is "Bombay to Thane".
Q227
By which of the following acts was a bicameral legislature introduced in India at the centre level?
✓ Correct answer: c) Government of India Act 1919
ExplanationThe Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, commonly known as the Government of India Act of 1919, established a bicameral legislative structure at the national level in India.By introducing the idea of dyarchy and splitting subjects into reserved and transferable domains, this Act represented a crucial step towards limited self-governance.The central legislature was divided into two houses: the Council of State, whose members were chosen by the Governor- General, and the Legislative Assembly, whose members were chosen by a restricted franchise.Hence, the correct answer is "Government of India Act 1919".
Q228
The Viceroy who took keen interest in the restoration and protection of historical monuments was ______.
✓ Correct answer: d) Lord Curzon
ExplanationThe Viceroy who took a keen interest in the restoration and protection of historical monuments was Lord Curzon.During his time in charge, which lasted from 1899 to 1905, he significantly aided in the preservation and revitalization of India's rich cultural history.Lord Curzon started initiatives to preserve and maintain these landmarks after realizing the historical and cultural importance of diverse monuments around the subcontinent.Lord Curzon totally centralized the Survey and vested the powers with the Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India.Marshall assumed charge in 1902 and a new era started in Indian archaeology.Curzon's initiatives provided the groundwork for the meticulous preservation of India's architectural marvels, aiding in the global presentation of the country's illustrious past.His dedication to protecting historical sites left a long legacy, and India's approach to cultural conservation is still influenced by his achievements.Hence, the correct answer is "Lord Curzon".
Q229
Moplahs, or Muslim peasants, created a powerful anti-zamindar movement in:
✓ Correct answer: c) Kerala
ExplanationThe Moplah Rebellion, also known as the Moplah Uprising or the Malabar Rebellion, took place in the Malabar region of Kerala in the early 20th century, specifically during 1921. The movement had significant socio- economic and political dimensions, with the Moplahs protesting against the oppressive practices of the feudal system, which included the Zamindari system.The zamindari system involved landlords, known as zamindars, who held significant power over landownership and often extracted high rents and taxes from the tenant peasants.The Moplahs, who were predominantly Muslim, were adversely affected by these practices, leading to discontent and a desire for social and economic justice.The Moplah Rebellion was characterized by protests against the landlords and a call for land reforms.The movement took a more violent turn in some instances, leading to clashes with British colonial authorities and the Zamindars.Hence, the correct answer is "Kerala".
Q230
In ____ Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, announced the partition of Bengal.
✓ Correct answer: d) 1905
ExplanationLord Curzon announced the Partition of Bengal on 20 July 1905 and on 16 October 1905, the partition formally came into force.This decision to divide Bengal into two separate entities, East Bengal and Assam on one side and West Bengal on the other, was met with significant opposition and protest from various sections of society and ultimately led to the reversal of the partition in 1911. Bengal was divided into predominantly Muslim eastern regions and predominantly Hindu western regions by the Partition of Bengal.From 6 January 1899 to 18 November 1922, Lord Curzon was India's Governor General and Viceroy.Hence the correct answer is "1905".
Q231
For the political education of the people at the local level, who brought the resolution on local self-government?
✓ Correct answer: a) Lord Ripon
ExplanationLord Ripon, introduced the resolution on local self-government during his tenure as the Viceroy of India.This resolution, known as the "Resolution on Local Self-Government" or the "Ripon Resolution," was introduced in 1882. The resolution aimed to enhance political awareness and participation by granting local communities greater control over their local affairs and governance.The Ripon Resolution marked a significant step towards decentralization and the promotion of political literacy at the grassroots level.Hence, the correct answer is "Lord Ripon".
Q232
Through which of the following organisations did Annie Besant promote the studies of ancient Indian religions, philosophies and doctrines?
✓ Correct answer: b) Theosophical Society
ExplanationAnnie Besant was a prominent theosophist who believed in the underlying wisdom within all religions when stripped of their superstitions.Annie Besant joined this organisation in 1889 as she was a firm believer in the Vedas and the Upanishads.The Theosophical Society was established in 1875 with the goal of advancing theosophy, which is derived from the Greek word "theosophia," meaning "God's wisdom." The Arya Samaj is a Hindu reformist movement founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875. The Paramahansa Mandali, established in 1849 in Bombay, was a secret socio- religious group with a focus on promoting spiritual and moral values, founded by Durgaram Mehtaji, Dadoba Pandurang, and their associates.The Prarthana Samaj, a leading society for socio-religious reform was established on 31 March 1867 in Bombay by Atmaram Panduranga.Hence, the correct answer is "Theosophical Society".
Q233
Which Mughal ruler contributed to the revolt of 1857?
✓ Correct answer: d) Bahadur Shah II
ExplanationBahadur Shah II, also known as Bahadur Shah Zafar, was the last Mughal emperor of India.He became a symbolic leader during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, often referred to as the Sepoy Mutiny, or the First War of Indian Independence.The revolt began in the town of Meerut on May 10, 1857, when Indian sepoys refused to use the controversial cartridges and turned against their British officers.The rebellion quickly spread to other parts of India.Bahadur Shah II was captured and exiled after the British suppressed the revolt.He was tried and convicted, leading to the end of the Mughal dynasty's rule.Hence, the correct answer is "Bahadur Shah II."
Q234
Bramho Samaj was founded by whom?
✓ Correct answer: a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
ExplanationRaja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as the Father of Modern India who founded the first religious reform organization i.e. Brahmo Samaj in 1828. He was given the title of Raja by Akbar II, the Mughal emperor.Roy is considered to be the "Father of Indian Renaissance".The two most prominent leaders of the Brahmo Samaj were Debendranath Tagore and Keshab Chandra Sen.The Brahmo Samaj aimed to promote monotheism, rational worship, and social reform based on modern ideas and rational thinking.Hence, the correct answer is "Raja Ram Mohan Roy".
Q235
What is the significance of 26 January being chosen as a day to celebrate the Republic Day, aside from the adoption of the constitution?
✓ Correct answer: c) Declaration of Purna Swaraj
ExplanationThe Indian National Congress passed the Purna Swaraj resolution in its Lahore session on 26th December 1929. The resolution demanded 'Purna Swaraj' or complete freedom from the British.The Congress session also declared that it will celebrate 26th January 1930 as 'Independence Day'.The main purpose of celebrating Republic Day is that on 26 January 1950, the Constitution made after taking 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days was implemented and our country India was declared a full republic.Hence, the correct answer is "Declaration of Purna Swaraj".
Q236
Which of the following organisations was established in 1885?
✓ Correct answer: d) Indian National Congress
ExplanationThe Communist Party of India (CPI) was founded on December 26, 1925. The CPI was founded by a group of Indian and foreign communists, with prominent figures including M.N. Roy.The All-India Muslim League was founded on December 30, 1906. The Muslim League was founded by prominent Muslim leaders, including Aga Khan, Nawab Salimullah Khan, and others.East India Company (EIC) was founded in December 1600. The EIC was a British trading company founded by a group of merchants with a royal charter granted by Queen Elizabeth I. Indian National Congress (INC) was founded on December 28, 1885. The INC was founded by Allan Octavian Hume.Hence, the correct answer is "Indian National Congress".
Q237
Who was the Mughal emperor during the third battle of Panipat?
✓ Correct answer: b) Shahalam II
ExplanationThe Third Battle of Panipat was fought on January 14, 1761, between the Maratha Empire and the Durrani Empire of Afghanistan.The Marathas were led by Sadashivrao Bhau, and the Durranis were led by Ahmad Shah Abdali.The battle was a decisive victory for the Durranis, and it marked the end of the Maratha Empire's dominance in Northern India.Shah Alam II was the Mughal emperor at the time of the Third Battle of Panipat.He was a weak and indecisive ruler, and he was unable to prevent the Marathas from being defeated.After the battle, Shah Alam II was forced to flee Delhi, and he spent the rest of his life in exile.Hence, the correct answer is "Shahalam II".
Q238
In which year, the Koya rebellion took place in the eastern Godavari tract?
✓ Correct answer: c) 1879-1880
ExplanationThe Koya Rebellion occurred in the eastern Godavari tract (present-day Andhra Pradesh) between 1879 and 1880. The rebellion was led by Tomma Dora, a leader from the Koya tribe, in response to the exploitation of the Koyas by moneylenders and the erosion of their customary rights over forests.The movement spread to parts of the Malkangiri region of Koraput district in Odisha, and the rebellion was suppressed after Tomma Dora was killed by the police.Hence, the correct answer is "1879-1880".
Q239
Who among the following devised a policy that came to be known as the Doctrine of Lapse?
✓ Correct answer: c) Lord Dalhousie
ExplanationThe Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie, the Governor-General of India, during the 19th century.It was a controversial annexation policy aimed at annexing princely states or territories under the British East India Company's protection if the ruling prince died without a natural heir.This policy resulted in significant tension and resentment among princely states as it infringed upon their autonomy.Notable annexations under this policy included Satara, Jhansi, and Nagpur.Due to its unpopularity and opposition from Indian rulers, the Doctrine of Lapse was formally abandoned in 1859. The policy's abandonment marked a shift in British India's annexation policies.Hence, the correct answer is "Lord Dalhousie."
Q240
Which of the following reforming societies believed Vedas to be the fountain of all the knowledge?
✓ Correct answer: c) Arya Samaj
ExplanationThe Arya Samaj, founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875, believed that the Vedas are the fountain of all knowledge.The Arya Samaj sought to promote Vedic teachings, rationalism, and social reform.The Theosophical Society, founded by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, and William Quan Judge in 1875, focused on spiritual exploration, mysticism, and the study of ancient wisdom.The Prarthana Samaj, founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 1867 in Bombay, was a significant socio-religious reform movement during the 19th century in India.The Brahmo Samaj, established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828, aimed to reform and modernize Hinduism by advocating monotheism, rationalism, and social reform.Hence, the correct answer is "Arya Samaj".
Q241
'Back to Vedas' was the slogan of which Reform Movement?
✓ Correct answer: d) Arya Samaj
Explanation'Back to Vedas' was the slogan of the Arya Samaj Reform Movement.An important socio-religious and cultural movement known as the Arya Samaj Reform Movement first appeared in India in the 19th century.The Arya Samaj was established by Swami Dayananda Saraswati with the mission of revitalizing and restoring the fundamental principles of the Vedas, the classical Indian texts.With a focus on returning to Hinduism's pure and original teachings, monotheism, and rejection of idolatry, this movement also supported social reforms including the elimination of untouchability and the advancement of education.The movement's dedication to restoring Vedic principles as the cornerstone of genuine Hinduism was emphasized by the slogan "Back to Vedas," which also encouraged a more ethical and rational approach to spirituality while challenging prevailing customs and superstitions.Hence, the correct answer is "Arya Samaj".
Q242
The All India Forward Bloc was founded by _____ in 1939 after resigning from the Congress Presidentship.
✓ Correct answer: d) Subhas Chandra Bose
ExplanationThe All India Forward Bloc was founded by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1939 after resigning from the Congress presidency.Subhas Chandra Bose, commonly known as Netaji, was a well-known figure in the Indian independence movement.He was an ardent nationalist who supported using force to get independence.Bose created the All India Forward Bloc in 1939 after stepping down as president of the Congress.Later, Bose worked for the establishment of the Azad Hind Fauj and enlisted the Axis powers' aid in World War II.Hence, the correct answer is "Subhash Chandra Bose".
Q243
Who used Hooghly as a base for piracy in the Bay of Bengal?
✓ Correct answer: c) The Portuguese
ExplanationThe Portuguese used Hooghly as a base for piracy in the Bay of Bengal during the 16th and 17th centuries.Hooghly, located on the banks of the Hooghly River, was an important port for trade and commerce, and the Portuguese established a strong presence there.They used their naval strength to attack and loot ships that sailed through the Bay of Bengal, which was a major trade route connecting India with Southeast Asia.The Portuguese piracy in the Bay of Bengal declined in the 17th century as other European powers, such as the Dutch and the English, gained a foothold in India and challenged their dominance.Hence, the correct answer is “The Portuguese”.
Q244
During the time of which Mughal Emperor did the English East India Company establish its first factory in India?
✓ Correct answer: b) Jahangir
ExplanationThe English East India Company established its first factory in India during the reign of Mughal Emperor Jahangir in 1612. The factory was established in the city of Surat in the present-day state of Gujarat.The English East India Company gradually expanded its presence in India and became a major player in the country's political and economic affairs.Hence, the correct answer is “Jahangir”.
Q245
French East India Company was constituted during the reign of _______.
✓ Correct answer: a) Louis XIV
ExplanationThe French East India Company, also known as the Compagnie des Indes Orientales, was constituted during the reign of King Louis XIV of France in 1664. The company was established to expand French trade and commerce in Asia and compete with other European colonial powers such as the British and the Dutch.Hence, the correct answer is “Louis XIV”.
Q246
The Carnatic War was fought between:
✓ Correct answer: a) English and French
ExplanationThe Carnatic Wars were a series of military conflicts fought in southern India between the British East India Company and the French East India Company, as well as their local allies and the Indian princes who were involved.The wars were fought in the Carnatic region of southern India, which encompassed parts of modern-day Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka.The first Carnatic War was fought between 1746 and 1748, and the second Carnatic War was fought between 1749 and 1754. The third Carnatic War was fought between 1756 and 1763 and was part of the larger global conflict known as the Seven Years' War, which was fought between the major European powers.Hence, the correct answer is “English and French”.
Q247
The British annexed Punjab after defeating the Sikhs in the Anglo-Sikh War in the year ___________.
✓ Correct answer: d) 1849
ExplanationThe Second Anglo-Sikh War occurred between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company from 1848 to 1849. It led to the collapse of the Sikh Empire and the absorption of the Punjab and what later became the North-West Frontier Province by the British.The First Anglo-Sikh War occurred between the Sikh Empire and the East India Company in 1845-1846. As a result, the Sikh kingdom was partially subjugated and Jammu and Kashmir were ceded as a separate princely state under British India.Hence, the correct answer is "1849".
Q248
Name the French Commander who was defeated in the battle of Wandiwash in 1760.
✓ Correct answer: a) Count de Lally
ExplanationThe Battle of Wandiwash was fought between the forces of the British East India Company, led by Sir Eyre Coote, and the French army under the command of Count de Lally.The battle took place near the town of Wandiwash in present-day Tamil Nadu, India.Despite having a larger army, the French were unable to overcome the British and suffered a crushing defeat.The battle marked a turning point in the history of French India, as it allowed the British East India Company to establish its dominance over much of the region.Hence, the correct answer is “Count de Lally”.
Q249
Dutch East India Company established its factory at Patna in which year?
✓ Correct answer: b) 1632
ExplanationDutch East India Company established its factory at Patna in 1632. Dutch East India Company was a chartered company established on 20 March 1602. The company was started to carry out colonial activities in Asia.It also established a number of trading posts and factories in India, including in the cities of Surat, Ahmedabad, and Patna.Hence, the correct answer is “1632”.
Q250
The Battle of Plassey was fought in the year ____.
✓ Correct answer: b) 1757
ExplanationThe Battle of Plassey was fought on June 23, 1757, between the forces of the British East India Company and the army of Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal.The battle took place near the village of Plassey in present-day West Bengal, India.The British East India Company, under the leadership of Robert Clive, won the battle.The Battle of Plassey marked a turning point in the history of British India, as it allowed the British East India Company to establish its dominance over Bengal and expand its influence across much of India.The battle is often seen as a symbol of British imperialism in India and its impact on the region's history.Hence, the correct answer is “1757”.
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