🩺 NEET🧬 Biology

Reproductive Health

8 solved NEET Biology previous year questions on Reproductive Health, each with the correct answer and a full explanation.

Which of the following statements is correct with reference to a test tube baby?

aFertilisation of the egg is effected outside the body; the fertilised egg is then placed in the womb of the mother where the gestation is completed.

bFertilisation of the egg is effected in the female genital tract; It is then taken out and grown in a large test tube.

cA prematurely born baby is reared in an incubator.

dFertilisation of the egg and growth of the embryo are affected in a large test tube.

✓ Correct answer: a) Fertilisation of the egg is effected outside the body; the fertilised egg is then placed in the womb of the mother where the gestation is completed.

Explanation(1) The correct statement w.r.t. test tube baby is fertilisation of the egg is effected outside the body.The fertilised egg is then placed in the womb of the mother where the gestation is completed. [New NCERT Class 12th Page No. 48]

The most important component of the oral contraceptive pills is

athyroxine

bluteinising hormone

cprogesterone

dgrowth hormone.

✓ Correct answer: c) progesterone

ExplanationCorrect Answer: C – Progesterone ✅ Explanation: The most important component of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) is progesterone, often combined with estrogen.These are synthetic hormones used to prevent pregnancy. 🔬 How it works: Progesterone: Inhibits ovulation (release of egg) Thickens cervical mucus, making it hard for sperm to enter the uterus Alters the uterine lining to prevent implantation ❌ Why other options are incorrect: A. Thyroxine – A thyroid hormone, unrelated to reproduction.B. Luteinising Hormone (LH) – Stimulates ovulation, not used to prevent it.D. Growth Hormone – Regulates body growth, not reproduction. ✅ Final Answer: C. Progesterone It is the key hormone in most oral contraceptive pills.

The technique called Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT) is recommended for those females:

awho cannot produce an ovum.

bwho cannot retain the fetus inside uterus.

cwhose cervical canal is too narrow to allow passage for the sperms.

dwho cannot provide suitable environment for fertilisation.

✓ Correct answer: a) who cannot produce an ovum.

ExplanationCorrect option: A Gamete Intra-Fallopian Transfer (GIFT) is recommended for females who cannot produce ova but have a normal, functional reproductive tract.In this technique, an ovum obtained from a donor along with sperms is transferred into the fallopian tube of the recipient female, where in-vivo fertilisation occurs naturally.GIFT is not meant for women who cannot retain a fetus, have a narrow cervical canal, or cannot provide a suitable environment for fertilisation, as a healthy reproductive tract is essential for the success of this method.Therefore, the correct answer is Option A.

Artificial Insemination means.

aartificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina

bintroduction of sperms of a healthy donor directly into the ovary

ctransfer of sperms of a healthy donor to a test tube containing ova

dtransfer of sperms of husband to a test tube containing ova.

✓ Correct answer: a) artificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina

ExplanationThe correct option is A. artificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina.Artificial Insemination (AI) is a procedure used to help people conceive a pregnancy.It involves the deliberate introduction of sperm into a female's reproductive tract (usually the vagina or uterus) using artificial means (like a syringe or catheter) rather than through sexual intercourse.This method can be used with semen collected from the woman's partner (AIH - Artificial Insemination Husband) or from a healthy donor (AID - Artificial Insemination Donor).Option A specifically describes Artificial Insemination Donor (AID), where donor sperm is introduced into the vagina.

The stage transferred into the uterus after induced fertilisation of ovum in the laboratory is

aembryo at 4 blastomeres stage

bembryo at 2 blastomeres stage

cmorula

dzygote

✓ Correct answer: c) morula

ExplanationCorrect option: C (Morula) After induced fertilisation of the ovum in the laboratory (in vitro fertilisation), the stage that is transferred into the uterus is an embryo with more than 8 blastomeres.Early embryos such as the zygote, 2-cell, or 4-cell stages are usually transferred into the fallopian tube through ZIFT.A morula is a later embryonic stage (about 16 blastomeres) and is therefore suitable for intra-uterine transfer (IUT), where it can implant and continue normal development.Hence, among the given options, the morula is the correct stage transferred into the uterus.

Embryo with more than blastomeres formed due to in vitro fertilization is transferred into:

auterus

bfallopian tube

cfimbriae

dcervix

✓ Correct answer: a) uterus

ExplanationIn in vitro fertilization (IVF), when the embryo develops beyond the 16-cell stage (called the morula stage), it is ready for implantation.At this stage, it is transferred into the uterus, where natural implantation occurs.The uterus provides the necessary environment for the embryo to attach to the endometrium and continue developing.Earlier-stage embryos (like the 8-cell stage) may be transferred into the fallopian tube, but embryos with more than 16 blastomeres are transferred directly into the uterus for successful pregnancy.

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is another specialised procedure of in-vivo fertilisation. Statement II: Infertility cases due to inability of the male partner to inseminate female can be corrected by artificial insemination (AI). In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

aStatement I is correct but statement II is incorrect

bStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

cBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct

dBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.

✓ Correct answer: b) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Explanation(2) Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is another specialised procedure of in-vitro fertilisation. [New NCERT Class 12th Page No. 48]

Which of the following is not a natural/traditional contraceptive method? [NEET 2024]

aVaults

bCoitus interruptus

cPeriodic abstinence

dLactational amenorrhea

✓ Correct answer: a) Vaults

ExplanationNatural or traditional contraceptive methods are those that do not involve the use of devices or chemicals.These include periodic abstinence i.e., avoiding intercourse during the fertile window (days 10–17 of the menstrual cycle), coitus interruptus (withdrawal of penis before ejaculation) and lactational amenorrhea (natural infertility during the intense breastfeeding phase post- delivery).In contrast, vaults are barrier methods — they are rubber devices inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix during coitus, and hence are not classified as natural/traditional methods.

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