Morphology of Flowering Plants
4 solved NEET Biology previous year questions on Morphology of Flowering Plants, each with the correct answer and a full explanation.
Q1
Which one of the following statements is correct?
✓ Correct answer: d) A proteinaceous aleurone layer is present in maize grain
ExplanationA. A sterile pistil is called a staminode: This statement is incorrect.A sterile pistil (the female reproductive organ) is called a pistillode, while a sterile stamen (the male reproductive organ) is called a staminode.B. The seed in grasses is not endospermic: This statement is incorrect.Seeds in grasses (which are monocots) are typically endospermic (albuminous), meaning they retain the endosperm tissue for nourishment.C. Mango is a parthenocarpic fruit: This statement is incorrect.Parthenocarpic fruits develop without fertilization and are typically seedless (e.g., banana, grapes).Mangoes develop from a fertilized ovary and contain a seed.D. A proteinaceous aleurone layer is present in maize grain: This statement is correct.The maize grain (a type of fruit where the fruit wall is fused with the seed coat) has a distinct outer layer of the endosperm called the aleurone layer, which is rich in proteins and separates the embryo from the starchy endosperm.
Q2
In some plants thalamus contributes to fruit formation. Such fruits are termed as: [Re-NEET 2020]
✓ Correct answer: b) False fruits
ExplanationIn some plants, the thalamus contributes to fruit formation.Such fruits are termed false fruits because they develop from parts other than the ovary, usually from floral parts like the thalamus.An example of a false fruit is an apple, where the fleshy edible part is derived from the thalamus rather than the ovary.
Q3
Identify the correct features of Mango and Coconut fruits. (i) In both fruit is a drupe (ii) Endocarp is edible in both (iii) Mesocarp in Coconut is fibrous, and in Mango it is fleshy (iv) In both, fruit develops from monocarpellary ovary Select the correct option from below:
✓ Correct answer: d) (i), (iii) and (iv) only
ExplanationIn mango and coconut, the fruit is known as a drupe.They develop from monocarpellary superior ovaries and are one seeded.In mango the pericarp is well differentiated into an outer thin epicarp, a middle fleshy edible mesocarp and an inner stony hard endocarp.In coconut which is also a drupe, the mesocarp is fibrous.The edible part of coconut is endosperm.
Q4
The roots that originate from the base of the stem are [NEET 2020]
✓ Correct answer: a) Fibrous roots
ExplanationThe fibrous roots originate from the base of the stem.The primary root originates at the germination stage from the radicle of the seed in most of the dicots.The primary root of monocotyledonous plants is short-lived and is replaced by a vast number of roots.The fibrous root system of a plant, such as a wheat plant, is made up of these roots that grow from the base of the stem.
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