Human Health and Disease

Q1 FREE PREVIEW

PYQ

Identify the site where Wuchereria bancrofti is normally found in the human body.

aMuscles of the legs

bBlood vessels of the thigh region

cSkin between the fingers

dLymphatic vessels of the lower limbs

✓ Correct answer: d) Lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs

ExplanationWuchereria bancrofti is a filarial parasite causing lymphatic filariasis.It resides in the lymphatic vessels, commonly affecting lower limbs.This leads to swelling and elephantiasis.Transmitted via mosquitoes, it's a major tropical disease.Symptoms include lymphedema and swelling.

Q2 FREE PREVIEW

PYQ

The cell-mediated immunity inside the human body is carried out by:

aErythrocytes

bT-lymphocytes

cB-lymphocytes

dThrombocytes

✓ Correct answer: b) T-lymphocytes

ExplanationThe correct answer is B: T-lymphocytes.Cell-mediated immunity is the branch of adaptive immunity that does not involve antibodies.It is carried out by T-lymphocytes (T- cells), which: Recognize antigen-presenting cells Directly kill infected or cancerous cells Release cytokines to activate other immune cells B-lymphocytes are responsible for humoral (antibody-mediated) immunity, not cell-mediated immunity.Erythrocytes (red blood cells) and thrombocytes (platelets) have no role in adaptive immunity.

Q3 FREE PREVIEW

PYQ

At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS?

aWithin 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person.

bWhen the infected retrovirus enters host cells.

cWhen HIV damages large number of helper T lymphocytes.

dWhen the viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase.

✓ Correct answer: c) When HIV damages large number of helper T lymphocytes.

ExplanationThere is always a time lag between the infection and the appearance of AIDS symptoms.This period may vary from a few months to many years.

Q4

PYQ

Drug called Heroin is synthesised by [NEET 2019]

aMethylation of morphine

bAcetylation of morphine

cGlycosylation of morphine

dNitration of morphine

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Q5

PYQ

Which of the following immune responses is responsible for rejection of kidney graft?

aAuto-immune response

bHumoral immune response

cInflammatory immune response

dCell-mediated immune response

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Q6

PYQ

The following are the stages of life cycle of Plasmodium. Arrange the stages in the proper order.
A. The parasites reproduce asexually in RBC's, bursting the cells.
B. The parasites reproduce asexually in liver cells, bursting the cells and releasing into blood.
C. Gametocytes develop in RBC's.
D. Sporozoites reach the liver through the blood.
E. Female mosquito injects sporozoites into humans during bite.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

[NEET 2026]

a

A, B, C, D, E

b

E, D, B, A, C

c

C, A, B, D, E

d

E, C, D, B, A

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Q7

PYQ

Which of the following are secondary lymphoid organs?

(a) Bone marrow

(b) Tonsils

(c) Spleen

(d) Thymus

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[Re-NEET 2026]

a

(a) and (b) only

b

(b) and (c) only

c

(b) and (d) only

d

(a) and (d) only

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Q8

PYQ

Given below are two statements :
Statement I: Bone marrow is the main lymphoid organ where all blood cells including lymphocytes are produced.
Statement II : Both bone marrow and thymus provide micro environments for the development and maturation of T-lymphocytes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[NEET 2024]

a

Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

b

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.

c

Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.

d

Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

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Q9

PYQ

Colostrum, secreted by mother during initial days of lactation, is abundant in _________.

[Re-NEET 2026]

a

IgG

b

IgM

c

IgA

d

IgD

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Q10

PYQ

After maturation, in primary lymphoid organs, the lymphocytes migrate for interaction with antigens to secondary lymphoid organ(s)/tissue(s) like:
A. thymus

B. bone marrow
C. spleen

D. lymph nodes
E. Peyer's patches
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[NEET 2025]

a

E, A, B only

b

C, D, E only

c

B, C, D only

d

A, B, C only

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Q11

PYQ

Which of the following type of immunity is present at the time of birth and is a nonspecific type of defence in the human body?

[NEET 2025]

a

Cell-mediated Immunity

b

Humoral Immunity

c

Acquired Immunity

d

Innate Immunity

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Q12

PYQ

Which of the following statements is correct about Plasmodium?

[Re-NEET 2026]

a

Reproduces sexually in liver cells

b

Reproduces sexually in RBCs

c

Gametocytes develop in mosquito gut

d

Fertilization takes place in mosquito gut

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Q13

PYQ

Match List-I with List-II.

List-II	List-I
(A)	Typhoid	(I)	Fungus
(B)	Malaria	(II)	Nematode
(C)	Ringworm	(III)	Protozoa
(D)	Filariasis	(IV)	Bacteria

Choose the correct answer from option given below.

[NEET 2024]

a

A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

b

A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

c

A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

d

A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

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Q14

PYQ

The yellowish fluid colostrum secreted by mammary glands of mother during the initial days of lactation has abundant antibodies (IgA) to protect the infant. This type of immunity is called as:

[Re-NEET 2020]

a

Active immunity

b

Acquired immunity

c

Autoimmunity

d

Passive immunity

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Q15

PYQ

Identify the wrong statement with reference to immunity.

[NEET 2020]

a

When ready-made antibodies are directly given, it is called "Passive immunity".

b

Active immunity is quick and gives full response.

c

Foetus receives some antibodies from mother, it is an example for passive immunity.

d

When exposed to antigen (living or dead) antibodies are produced in the host's body. It is called "Active immunity".

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Q16

PYQ

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

a

Syphilis - Trichuris trichiura

b

Sleeping sickness - Trypanosoma gambiense

c

Dengue fever - Arbovirus

d

Plague - Yersinia pestis

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Q17

PYQ

In which blood corpuscles, the HIV undergoes replication and produces progeny viruses?

a

B-lymphocytes

b

Basophils

c

Eosinophils

d

\({\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{H}}\) cells

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Q18

PYQ

In which blood corpuscles, the HIV undergoes replication and produces progeny viruses?

[NEET 2023]

a

B-lymphocytes

b

Basophils

c

Eosinophils

d

\({\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{H}}\) cells

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Q19

PYQ

Select the incorrect statement with respect to acquired immunity.

[NEET 2021]

a

Acquired immunity is a non-specific type of defense present at the time of birth.

b

Primary response is produced when our body encounters a pathogen for the first time.

c

Anamnestic response is elicited on subsequent encounters with the same pathogen.

d

Anamnestic response is due to memory of first encounter.

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Q20

PYQ

Which of the following is a pair of viral diseases?

a

Common cold, AIDS

b

Dysentery, common cold

c

Typhoid, tuberculosis

d

Ringworm, AIDS

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Q21

PYQ

Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV?.

a

HIV is an enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase.

b

HIV is an enveloped virus that contains two identical molecules of single-stranded RNA and two molecules of reverse transcriptase.

c

HIV contains unenveloped DNA.

d

HIV escapes and attacks the acquired immune responses.

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Q22

PYQ

Match List I with List II.

List I	List II
A.	Heroin	I.	Effect on cardiovascular system
B.	Marijuana	II.	Slow down body function
C.	Cocaine	III.	Painkiller
D.	Morphine	IV.	Interfere with transport of dopamine

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[NEET 2023]

a

A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

b

A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

c

A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

d

A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

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Q23

PYQ

Select the correctly matched pair.

a

Syphilis - Treponema pallidum

b

AIDS - Bacillus conjugalis

c

Gonorrhoea - Leishmania donovani

d

Typhoid - Mycobacterium leprae

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Q24

PYQ

The infectious stage of Plasmodium that enters the human body is

[NEET 2020]

a

Trophozoites

b

Sporozoites

c

Female gametocytes

d

Male gametocytes

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Q25

PYQ

A person suffering from a disease caused by Plasmodium, experiences recurring chill and fever at the time when:

a

the sporozoites released from RBCs are being rapidly killed and broken down inside spleen.

b

the sporozoites released from WBCs are being killed instantaneously.

c

the parasite after its rapid multiplication inside RBCs ruptures them and releases haemozoin.

d

the microgametocytes and megagametocytes are being destroyed by the WBCs.

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Q26

PYQ

The infective stage of malarial parasite, Plasmodium that enters human body is

a

merozoite

b

sporozoite

c

trophozoite

d

minuta form

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Q27

PYQ

A cell-coded protein that is formed in response to infection, with most animal viruses, is called

a

histone

b

antibody

c

interferon

d

antigen

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Q28

PYQ

Cirrhosis of liver is caused by the chronic intake of

a

Opium

b

Alcohol

c

Tobacco (chewing )

d

Coccaine

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Q29

PYQ

The part of life cycle of malarial parasite Plasmodium vivax, that is passed in female Anopheles is

a

sexual cycle

b

pre-erythrocytic schizogony

c

exoerythrocytic schizogony

d

post-erythrocytic schizogony.

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