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NEETBiology

Chemical Coordination and Integration

26 NEET Biology previous year questions on Chemical Coordination and Integration — options free on every question; 3 include the answer & explanation free, the rest unlock with PYQ Pass.

Q1 FREE PREVIEW
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Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of;
athe parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate.
bthe kidney, leading to suppression of reninangiotensin-aldosterone pathway.
cthe adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
dthe pancreas leading to a reduction in the blood sugar levels.
✓ Correct answer: c) the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
ExplanationThe "fight-or-flight" response is an acute stress reaction triggered by the sympathetic nervous system in response to perceived danger or emergency.Activation of Adrenal Medulla (C): When the brain (specifically the hypothalamus) perceives a threat, it sends nerve impulses to the adrenal medulla (the inner part of the adrenal glands).This triggers the rapid release of catecholamines—epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)—into the bloodstream.These "emergency hormones" prepare the body for immediate action by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate, and by mobilising energy sources like glucose.A. Parathyroid glands: These glands regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the blood; they are not directly involved in the rapid fight- or-flight metabolic surge.B. Kidney (Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone): While stress can eventually impact kidney function, the fight-or-flight response typically leads to the activation (or "triggering") of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to maintain blood pressure, not its suppression.D. Pancreas: During fight-or-flight, the body needs more sugar for energy.Activation actually leads to an increase in blood sugar levels (via the breakdown of glycogen in the liver), not a reduction.
Q2 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ
The amino acid tryptophan is the precursor for the synthesis of
aThyroxine and tri-iodothyronine
bEstrogen and progesterone
cCortisol and cortisone
dMelatonin and Serotonin
✓ Correct answer: d) Melatonin and Serotonin
ExplanationTryptophan is the precursor for the synthesis of Serotonin (a neurotransmitter) and Melatonin (a hormone secreted by the pineal gland). [New NCERT Class 11 Page No. 338]
Q3 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ
Select the correct statement [NEET 2020]
aGlucagon is associated with hypoglycemia.
bInsulin acts on pancreatic cells and adipocytes.
cInsulin is associated with hyperglycemia.
dGlucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis.
✓ Correct answer: d) Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis.
Explanation(D) Glucocorticoids (like cortisol) are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex that promote gluconeogenesis, the process of generating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, primarily in the liver.This increases blood glucose levels during stress or fasting.
Q4
PYQ

Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I List-II
A. Exophthalmic goiter I. Excess secretion of cortisol
B. Acromegaly II. Hypo-secretion of thyroid hormone
C. Cushing's syndrome III. Hyper secretion of thyroid hormone
D. Cretinism IV. Excessive secretion of growth hormone.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

[NEET 2024]

a

A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

b

A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

c

A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

d

A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

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Q5
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Which of the following statements related to pituitary gland are correct?

(a) It is divided anatomically into adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis.

(b) It secretes follicle stimulating hormone.

(c) It secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone.

(d) It does not secrete prolactin.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[Re-NEET 2026]

a

(a) and (b) only

b

(a), (b) and (c) only

c

(c) and (d) only

d

(b) and (c) only

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Q6
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Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?

[NEET 2024]

a

Glucagon

b

Cortisol

c

Testosterone

d

Progesterone

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Q7
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Match List-I with List-II :

LIST I LIST II
A) Epinephrine I) Hyperglycemia
B) Thyroxine II) Smooth muscle contraction
C) Oxytocin III) Basal metabolic rate
D) Glucagon IV) Emergency hormone

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

a

A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

b

A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

c

A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

d

A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II

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Q8
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Identify the wrong statements:
A. Erythropoietin is produced by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney
B. Leydig cells produce Androgens
C. Atrial Natriuretic factor, a peptide hormone is secreted by the seminiferous tubules of the testes
D. Cholecystokinin is produced by gastrointestinal tract
E. Gastrin acts on intestinal wall and helps in the production of pepsinogen
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

a

D and E only

b

A and B only

c

C and E only

d

A and Conly

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Q9
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Consider the following statements regarding function of adrenal medullary hormones :
A. It causes pupilary constriction
B. It is a hyperglycemic hormone
C. It causes piloerection
D. It increases strength of heart contraction
Choose the correct answer from the options given below

[NEET 2025]

a

A, C and D Only

b

D Only

c

C and D Only

d

B, C and D Only

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Q10
PYQ

Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?

[NEET 2024]

a

Glucagon

b

Cortisol

c

Testosterone

d

Progesterone

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Q11
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Which of the following hormones released from the pituitary is actually synthesized in the hypothalamus?

[NEET 2025]

a

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

b

Adenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

c

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

d

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

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Q12
PYQ

Why can't insulin be given orally to diabetic patients?

[NEET 2025]

a

Because of structural variation

b

Its bioavailability will be increased

c

Human body will elicit strong immune response

d

It will be digested in Gastro-Intestinal (GI) tract

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Q13
PYQ

Match List - I with List - II.

List -I

List -II

A. Progesterone

I. Pars intermedia

B. Relaxin

II. Ovary

C. Melanocyte stimulating hormone

III. Adrenal Medulla

D.Catecholamines

IV. Corpus luteum


Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[NEET 2025]

a

A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

b

A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

c

A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

d

A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

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Q14
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Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R :
Assertion A : FSH acts upon ovarian follicles in female and Leydig cells in male.
Reason R : Growing ovarian follicles secrete estrogen in female while interstitial cells secrete androgen in male human being.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

[NEET 2024]

a

A is false but R is true

b

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

c

Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

d

A is true but R is false

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Q15
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Identify the wrong statements:
A. Erythropoietin is produced by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney
B. Leydig cells produce Androgens
C. Atrial Natriuretic factor, a peptide hormone is secreted by the seminiferous tubules of the testes
D. Cholecystokinin is produced by gastrointestinal tract
E. Gastrin acts on intestinal wall and helps in the production of pepsinogen
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

a

D and E only

b

A and B only

c

C and E only

d

A and C only

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Q16
PYQ

Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?

[NEET 2024]

a

Glucagon

b

Cortisol

c

Testosterone

d

Progesterone

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Q17
PYQ

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

[Re-NEET 2026]

a

\(\alpha\)-cells of pancreas secrete glucagon

b

\(\alpha\)-cells of pancreas secrete insulin

c

Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis

d

\(\beta\)-cells of pancreas secrete insulin

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Q18
PYQ

Match the List-I with List-II.

Column-I

Column-II

1.

Pituitary hormone

(i)

Steroid

2.

Epinephrine

(ii)

Neuropeptides

3.

Endorphins

(iii)

Peptides, proteins

4.

Cortisol

(iv)

Biogenic amines

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Re-NEET 2020]

a

1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3-(ii),4-(i)

b

1-(iv), 2-(iii), 3-(i), 4-(ii)

c

1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3(i), 4-(ii)

d

1-(iv), 2-(i), 3-(ii), 4-(iii)

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Q19
PYQ

Which of the following are not under the control of thyroid hormone?
I. Influence on maintenance of water and electrolyte balance.
II. Regulation of basal metabolic rate
III. Normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle
IV. Development of immune system
V. Support the process of R.B.Cs formation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

a

II and III only

b

III and IV only

c

IV and V only

d

I and IV only

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Q20
PYQ

Hormones stored and released from neurohypophysis are

[Re-NEET 2020]

a

Oxytocin and Vasopressin

b

Follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

c

Prolactin and Vasopressin

d

Thyroid stimulating hormone and oxytocin

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Q21
PYQ

Erythropoietin hormone which stimulates R.B.C. formation is produced by:

[NEET 2021]

a

juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney.

b

alpha cells of pancreas.

c

the cells of rostral adenohypophysis.

d

the cells of bone marrow.

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Q22
PYQ

Erythropoietin hormone which stimulates RBC formation is produced by:

[NEET 2021]

a

juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney.

b

alpha cells of pancreas.

c

the cells of rostral adenohypophysis.

d

the cells of bone marrow.

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Q23
PYQ

Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus?

a

Uremia and Ketonuria

b

Uremia and Renal Calculi

c

Ketonuria and Glycosuria

d

Renal calculi and Hyperglycaemia

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Q24
PYQ

Match the following columns and select the correct option.

List - I List - II
(1) Pituitary gland (i) Grave's disease
(2) Thyroid gland (ii) Diabetes mellitus
(3) Adrenal gland (iii) Diabetes insipidus

(4)

Pancreas (iv) Addison's disease

[NEET 2020]

a

(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

b

(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)

c

(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)

d

(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (D)-(iii)

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Q25
PYQ

Which of the following are not under the control of thyroid hormone?
I. Influence on maintenance of water and electrolyte balance.
II. Regulation of basal metabolic rate
III. Normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle
IV. Development of immune system
V. Support the process of R.B.Cs formation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[NEET 2023]

a

II and III only

b

III and IV only

c

IV and V only

d

I and IV only

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Q26
PYQ

Match List-I with List-II :

LIST I LIST II
A) Epinephrine I) Hyperglycemia
B) Thyroxine II) Smooth muscle contraction
C) Oxytocin III) Basal metabolic rate
D) Glucagon IV) Emergency hormone

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

[Re-NEET 2024]

a

A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

b

A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

c

A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

d

A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II

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