NEETBiology

Biodiversity and Conservation

41 NEET Biology previous year questions on Biodiversity and Conservation — options free on every question; 4 include the answer & explanation free, the rest unlock with PYQ Pass.

Q1 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ
Which one of the following has the highest number of species in nature?
aAngiosperms
bFungi
cInsects
dBirds
✓ Correct answer: c) Insects
ExplanationArthropoda is the largest phylum of Animalia which includes insects.Over two-thirds of all named species on earth are arthropods.
Q2 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ
Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity? [NEET 2019]
aBiosphere Reserve
bWildlife Sanctuary
cBotanical Garden
dSacred Grove
✓ Correct answer: c) Botanical Garden
ExplanationIn situ conservation refers to the conservation of species in their natural habitats, allowing them to live and evolve in the ecosystems where they naturally occur.Examples include: Biosphere Reserves Wildlife Sanctuaries Sacred Groves All of these protect biodiversity within natural ecosystems, making them in situ methods.On the other hand, a Botanical Garden is a place where plants are grown and conserved outside their natural habitat, often for research, education, and preservation.This makes it a method of ex situ conservation.
Q3 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ
According to Alexander von Humboldt [Re-NEET 2020]
aSpecies richness increases with increasing area, but only up to limit
bThere is no relationship between species richness and area explored
cSpecies richness goes on increasing with increasing area of exploration
dSpecies richness decreases with increasing area of exploration
✓ Correct answer: a) Species richness increases with increasing area, but only up to limit
ExplanationAlexander von Humboldt observed that within a region species richness increased with increasing explored area, but only up to a limit.
Q4 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ
A species which was introduced for ornamentation but has become a troublesome weed in India : [Re-NEET 2020]
aTrapa spinosa
bParthenium hysterophorus
cEichhornia crassipes
dProsopis juliflora
✓ Correct answer: c) Eichhornia crassipes
ExplanationEichhornia crassipes (Water hyacinth) was introduced in India for its ornamental value due to its attractive flowers.However, it became a highly invasive aquatic weed, clogging water bodies, depleting oxygen levels, and disrupting aquatic ecosystems.It is often referred to as the "Terror of Bengal" due to its rapid spread and harmful ecological effects.
Q5
PYQ
Which of the following is not a method of ex situ conservation? [NEET 2022]
aCryopreservation
bIn vitro fertilization
cNational Parks
dMicropropagation
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Q6
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The World Summit on sustainable development held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa pledged for:
acollection and preservation of seeds of different genetic strains of commercially important plants.
ba significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss.
cdeclaration of more biodiversity hotspots.
dincrease in agricultural production.
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Q7
PYQ
Among 'The Evil Quartet', which one is considered the most important cause driving extinction of species? [NEET 2023]
aOver exploitation for economic gain
bAlien species invasions
cCo-extinctions
dHabitat loss and fragmentation
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Q8
PYQ
The historic Convention on Biological Diversity, 'The Earth Summit' was held in Rio de Janeiro in the year: [NEET 2023]
a1992
b1986
c2002
d1985
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Q9
PYQ
The type of conservation in which the threatened species are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care is called; [NEET 2024]
aSustainable development
bin-situ conservation
cBiodiversity conservation
dSemi-conservative method
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Q10
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Cryopreservation technique is used for:
aProtection of environment.
bProtection of Biodiversity hotspots.
cPreservation of gametes in viable and fertile condition for a long period.
dIn-situ conservation.
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Q11
PYQ
List of endangered species was released by- [NEET 2024]
aIUCN
bGEAC
cWWF
dFOAM
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Q12
PYQ
Which one of the following is not included under in-situ conservation? [Re-NEET 2024]
aWild-life sanctuary
bBotanical garden
cBiosphere reserve
dNational park
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Q13
PYQ

Since the origin and diversification of life on Earth, there have been five episodes of mass extinction of species. How is the sixth extinction, which is in progress, different from the previous episodes ?

[NEET 2026]

a

The current species extinction rates are far lower than those in previous episodes.

b

The present species extinction rates are 100 to 1000 times faster than in the pre-human times.

c

The present net species extinction rate is zero.

d

The current species extinction rate is nearly 10 times faster than that in previous episodes.

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Q14
PYQ

Exploring molecular, genetic and species-level diversity for products of economic importance is called :

[NEET 2026]

a

Biomagnification

b

Biofortification

c

Bioremediation

d

Bioprospecting

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Q15
PYQ

Tropical regions show greatest level of species richness because:
A. Tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years, hence more time was available for species diversification.
B. Tropical environments are more seasonal.
C. More solar energy is available in tropics.
D. Constant environments promote niche specialization.
E. Tropical environments are constant and predictable.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[NEET 2024]

a

A, B and D only

b

A, C, D and E only

c

A and B only

d

A, B and E only

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Q16
PYQ

List of endangered species was released by-

[NEET 2024]

a

IUCN

b

GEAC

c

WWF

d

FOAM

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Q17
PYQ

Arrange the following in descending order of number of species in the Amazonian rain forest.

(a) Plants

(b) Birds

(c) Fishes

(d) Invertebrates

(e) Mammals

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[Re-NEET 2026]

a

(c) > (b) > (d) > (e) > (a)

b

(d) > (a) > (c) > (b) > (e)

c

(e) > (b) > (a) > (c) > (d)

d

(b) > (a) > (d) > (c) > (e)

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Q18
PYQ

The type of conservation in which the threatened species are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care is called;

[NEET 2024]

a

Sustainable development

b

in-situ conservation

c

Biodiversity conservation

d

Semi-conservative method

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Q19
PYQ

List of endangered species was released by-

[NEET 2024]

a

IUCN

b

GEAC

c

WWF

d

FOAM

🔒
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Q20
PYQ

These are regarded as major causes of biodiversity loss:
A. Over exploitation
B. Co-extinction
C. Mutation
D. Habitat loss and fragmentation
E. Migration

Choose the correct option:

[NEET 2024]

a

A, C and D only

b

A, B and D only

c

A, B, C and D only

d

A, B and E only

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Q21
PYQ

These are regarded as major causes of biodiversity loss:
A. Over exploitation
B. Co-extinction
C. Mutation
D. Habitat loss and fragmentation
E. Migration

Choose the correct option:

[NEET 2024]

a

A, B and D only

b

A, C and D only

c

A, B, C and D only

d

A, B and E only

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Q22
PYQ

Which of the following statements are correct?

A. The Amazon rainforest being cut and cleared for cultivation of soyabeans is an example of habitat loss.

B. Steller's sea cow and passenger pigeon became extinct due to over-exploitation by humans.
C. The Nile perch introduced into Lake Victoria in East Africa helped in population growth of cichlid fish in the lake.
D. Water hyacinth is an invasive species.

E. When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it are not affected.

Choose the correct answer from options given below:

[NEET 2026]

a

B, C and D only

b

A, B and D only

c

A, B and E only

d

C, D and E only.

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Q23
PYQ

The regions with high level of species richness, high degree of endemism and a loss of 70 % of the species and habitat are identified as :

[Re-NEET 2024]

a

Natural Reserves

b

Sacred Groves

c

Biodiversity Hotspots

d

Biogeographical Regions

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Q24
PYQ

"The Evil Quartet" of biodiversity loss includes which of the following?

[NEET 2026]

a

Over-exploitation; Alien species invasions; Air pollution; Co-extinctions

b

Habitat loss and fragmentation; over-exploitation; Alien species invasions; Co-extinctions

c

Habitat loss and fragmentation; Air pollution; Water pollution; Co-extinctions

d

Over-exploitation; Alien species invasions; Soil pollution; Co-extinctions

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Q25
PYQ

The type of conservation in which the threatened species are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care is called;

[NEET 2024]

a

Sustainable development

b

in-situ conservation

c

Biodiversity conservation

d

Semi-conservative method

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Q26
PYQ

Cryopreservation technique is used for:

[Re-NEET 2024]

a

Protection of environment.

b

Protection of Biodiversity hotspots.

c

Preservation of gametes in viable and fertile condition for a long period.

d

In-situ conservation.

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Q27
PYQ

Which one of the following is an example of ex-situ conservation?

[NEET 2025]

a

Zoos and botanical gardens

b

Protected areas

c

National Park

d

Wildlife Sanctuary

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Q28
PYQ

Which one of the following is not included under in-situ conservation?

[Re-NEET 2024]

a

Wild-life sanctuary

b

Botanical garden

c

Biosphere reserve

d

National park

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Q29
PYQ

The regions with high level of species richness, high degree of endemism and a loss of 70 % of the species and habitat are identified as :

[Re-NEET 2024]

a

Natural Reserves

b

Sacred Groves

c

Biodiversity Hotspots

d

Biogeographical Regions

🔒
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Q30
PYQ

Which of the following is an in-situ conservation method?

[NEET 2026]

a

Sacred Groves

b

Wildlife Safari Parks

c

Botanical Gardens

d

Seed Banks

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Q31
PYQ

Tropical regions show greatest level of species richness because:
A. Tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years, hence more time was available for species diversification.
B. Tropical environments are more seasonal.
C. More solar energy is available in tropics.
D. Constant environments promote niche specialization.
E. Tropical environments are constant and predictable.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[NEET 2024]

a

A, B and D only

b

A, C, D and E only

c

A and B only

d

A, B and E only

🔒
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Q32
PYQ

Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest species diversity?

a

Madagascar

b

Himalayas

c

Amazon forests

d

Western ghats of India

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Q33
PYQ

According to Alexander von Humboldt:

a

Species richness increases with increasing area, but only up to limit

b

There is no relationship between species richness and area explored

c

Species richness goes on increasing with increasing area of exploration

d

Species richness decreases with increasing area of exploration

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Q34
PYQ

In 'rivet popper hypothesis', Paul Ehrlich compared the rivets in an airplane to:

a

key species

b

genetic diversity

c

ecosystem

d

genera within a family

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Q35
PYQ

Among ‘The Evil Quartet’, which one is considered the most important cause driving extinction of species?

a

Co-extinctions

b

Habitat loss and fragmentation

c

Over exploitation for economic gain

d

Alien species invasions

🔒
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Q36
PYQ

In the following in each set a conservation approach and an example of method of conservation are given

A. In situ conservation - Biosphere Reserve

B. Ex situ conservation - Sacred groves

C. In situ conservation - Seed bank

D. Ex situ conservation - Cryopreservation

Select the option with correct match of approach and method:

[Re-NEET 2020]

a

A and D

b

B and D

c

A and B

d

A and C

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Q37
PYQ

The historic Convention on Biological Diversity, ‘The Earth Summit’ was held in Rio de Janeiro in the year:

a

2002

b

1992

c

1985

d

1986

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Q38
PYQ

Which of the following is/are cause(s) of biodiversity losses?

a

Over-exploitation, habitat loss and fragmentation

b

Climate change only

c

Over-exploitation only

d

Habitat loss and fragmentation only

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Q39
PYQ

Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest species diversity?

[NEET 2020]

a

Madagascar

b

Himalayas

c

Amazon forests

d

Western ghats of India

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Q40
PYQ

According to Robert May, the global species diversity is about

[NEET 2020]

a

1.5 million

b

20 million

c

50 million

d

7 million

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Q41
PYQ

According to Robert May, the global species diversity is about:

a

20 million

b

50 million

c

7 million

d

1.5 million

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