BoardChemistry

Equilibrium

29 Board Chemistry previous year questions on Equilibrium — options free on every question; 3 include the answer & explanation free, the rest unlock with PYQ Pass.

Q1 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ

\({\mathrm{CO}}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{s})⇌2\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})\)

If initial pressure of \({\mathrm{CO}}_{2}\)is 0.6 atm and after equilibrium is established, total pressure is 0/8 atm. Then, find \({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}\).

(Memory Based JEE Mains 22/01/2025, Shift -1)

a

0.4

b

0.2

c

0.6

d

0.8

✓ Correct answer: a)

0.4

Explanation

\({\mathrm{CO}}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{s})⇌2\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})\\ \mathrm{At}\mathrm{t}=0{\mathrm{p}}_{0}--\\ \mathrm{At}\mathrm{t}=\mathrm{teq}{\mathrm{p}}_{0}-\mathrm{p}2\mathrm{p}\\ {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{T}}={\mathrm{P}}_{0}+\mathrm{P}\Rightarrow \mathrm{p}=(0.8-0.6)=0.2,{\mathrm{p}}_{\mathrm{CO}}=0.4\mathrm{and}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_{2}}=0.4\\ {\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}=\frac{{\mathrm{p}}_{{(\mathrm{CO})}^{2}}}{{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_{2}}}=\frac{{(0.4)}^{2}}{0.4}=0.4\).

Q2 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ

Le-Chatelier’s principle is not applicable to

a

\({H}_{2}(g)+{I}_{2}(g)⇌2HI(g)\)

b

\(Fe(s)+S(s)⇌FeS(s)\)

c

\({N}_{2}(g)+3{H}_{2}(g)⇌2N{H}_{3}(g)\)

d

\({N}_{2}(g)+{O}_{2}(g)⇌2NO(g)\)

✓ Correct answer: b)

\(Fe(s)+S(s)⇌FeS(s)\)

Explanation

Le-Chatelier’s principle applies to equilibrium involving gases or solutions. It is not applicable to Fe(s) + S(s) ⇌ FeS(s)as solids do not affect equilibrium. Correct answer: (B).

Q3 FREE PREVIEW
PYQ

The pH of 1 N aqueous solutions of HCl, \(C{H}_{3}COOH\) and HCOOH follows the order:

a

\(HCl>HCOOH>C{H}_{3}COOH\)

b

\(HCl=HCOOH>C{H}_{3}COOH\)

c

\(C{H}_{3}COOH>HCOOH>HCl\)

d

\(C{H}_{3}COOH=HCOOH>HCl\)

✓ Correct answer: c)

\(C{H}_{3}COOH>HCOOH>HCl\)

Explanation

Strong acid HCl fully ionizes, giving the lowest pH. Weak acids HCOOH and CH₃COOH partially ionize, with CH₃COOH being weaker. Order: HCl < HCOOH < CH₃COOH. Correct answer: (C).

Q4
PYQ

The molar solubility(s) of zirconium phosphate with molecular formula \({\left({\mathrm{Zr}}^{4+}\right)}_{3}{\left(P{{O}_{4}}^{-3}\right)}_{4}\) is given by relation

a

\({\left(\frac{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}}{5348}\right)}^{\frac{1}{6}}\)

b

\({\left(\frac{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}}{9612}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\)

c

\({\left(\frac{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}}{6912}\right)}^{\frac{1}{7}}\)

d

\({\left(\frac{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}}{8435}\right)}^{\frac{1}{7}}\)

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Q5
PYQ

Find the value of solubility of zirconium phosphate with formula \(\left[{\mathrm{Zr}}_{3}{\left({\mathrm{PO}}_{4}\right)}_{4}\right]\) in terms of solubility product Ksp

(memory based jee mains shift-2 22/01/2025)

a

\(\mathrm{s}={\left(\frac{\mathrm{Ksp}}{6912}\right)}^{1/7}\)

b

\(\mathrm{s}=\mathrm{Ksp}\times {4352}^{4/3}\)

c

\(\mathrm{s}={\left(\frac{6912}{\mathrm{ksp}}\right)}^{4/5}\)

d

\(\mathrm{s}={\left(\frac{2345}{\mathrm{Ksp}}\right)}^{5/3}\)

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Q6
PYQ

\({\mathrm{CO}}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{s})⇌2\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})\)

If initial pressure of \({\mathrm{CO}}_{2}\)is 0.6 atm and after equilibrium is established, total pressure is 0/8 atm. Then, find \({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}\).

(Memory Based JEE Mains 22/01/2025, Shift -1)

a

0.4

b

0.2

c

0.6

d

0.8

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Q7
PYQ

For a reaction, \({N}_{2}{O}_{5(g)}\to 2N{O}_{2(g)}+\frac{1}{2}{O}_{2(g)}\) in a constant volume container, no products were present initially. The final pressure of the system when 50 % of reaction gets completed is

[JEE Main 2025, 24 Jan (Shift 1)]

a

7/2 times of initial pressure

b

5 times of initial pressure

c

5/2 times of initial pressure

d

7/4 times of initial pressure

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Q8
PYQ

In which of the following equilibria, \({K}_{p}\) and \({K}_{c}\) are not equal?

[NEET 2024]

a

\(2BrC{l}_{(g)}⇌B{r}_{2(g)}+C{l}_{2(g)}\)

b

\(PC{l}_{5(g)}⇌PC{l}_{3(g)}+C{l}_{2(g)}\)

c

\({H}_{2(g)}+{I}_{2(g)}⇌2H{I}_{(g)}\)

d

\(C{O}_{(g)}+{H}_{2}{O}_{(g)}⇌C{O}_{2(g)}+{H}_{2(g)}\)

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Q9
PYQ

Consider the following reaction in a sealed vessel at equilibrium with concentrations of \({N}_{2}=3.0\times {10}^{-3}M,{O}_{2}=4.2\times {10}^{-3}M\) and \(NO=2.8\times {10}^{-3}M\).
\(2N{O}_{(g)}⇌{N}_{2(g)}+{O}_{2(g)}\)

If \(0.1mol{L}^{-1}\) of \(N{O}_{(g)}\) is taken in a closed vessel, what will be degree of dissociation \((\alpha )\) of \(N{O}_{(g)}\) at equilibrium?

[NEET 2024]

a

0.717

b

0.00889

c

0.0889

d

0.8889

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Q10
PYQ

Consider the following reaction (memory based jee mains shift-1 29/01/2025)

\({\mathrm{A}}_{2}\mathrm{B}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)⇌{\mathrm{A}}_{2}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)\)

If 'P' is the total pressure at equilibrium and K is the equilibrium constant, then \(\alpha\) in terms of K and P will be

a

\(\alpha ={\left(\frac{2{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}^{2}}{\mathrm{P}}\right)}^{1/3}\)

b

\(\alpha =\frac{2{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}{\mathrm{P}}\)

c

\(\alpha ={\left(\frac{2{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}{\mathrm{P}}\right)}^{1/3}\)

d

\(\alpha ={\left(\frac{3{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}{2}\right)}^{1/2}\)

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Q11
PYQ

A vessel at 1000 K contains carbon dioxide with a pressure of 0.5 atm. Some of carbon dioxide is converted into carbon monoxide on addition of graphite. If total pressure at equilibrium is 0.8 atm, then \({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}\)is

a

3 atm

b

1.8 atm

c

0.18 atm

d

0.3 atm

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Q12
PYQ

Consider the following reaction (memory based jee mains shift-1 29/01/2025)

\({\mathrm{A}}_{2}\mathrm{B}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)⇌{\mathrm{A}}_{2}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)\)

If 'P' is the total pressure at equilibrium and K is the equilibrium constant, then \(\alpha\) in terms of K and P will be

a

\(\alpha ={\left(\frac{2{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}^{2}}{\mathrm{P}}\right)}^{1/3}\)

b

\(\alpha =\frac{2{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}{\mathrm{P}}\)

c

\(\alpha ={\left(\frac{2{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}{\mathrm{P}}\right)}^{1/3}\)

d

\(\alpha ={\left(\frac{3{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}}{2}\right)}^{1/2}\)

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Q13
PYQ

For the reaction \(2\mathrm{A}⇌\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{C},{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{c}}=4\times {10}^{-3}\). At a given time, the composition of reaction mixture is :

[A]=[B]=[C]=\(2\times {10}^{-3}\) M

Then, which of the following is correct?

[NEET 2024]

a

Reaction has gone to completion in forward direction.

b

Reaction is at equilibrium.

c

Reaction has a tendency to go in forward direction.

d

Reaction has a tendency to go in backward direction.

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Q14
PYQ

A weak acid HA has degree of dissociation x. Which option gives the correct expression of ( \(pH-\) \(\left.p{K}_{a}\right)\) ?

a

\(\log (1+2x)\)

b

0

c

\(\log \left(\frac{x}{1-x}\right)\)

d

\(\log \left(\frac{1-x}{x}\right)\)

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Q15
PYQ

At a given temperature and pressure, the equilibrium constant values for the equilibria are given below:
\(3{A}_{2}+{B}_{2}⇌2{A}_{3}B,{K}_{1}\\ {A}_{3}B⇌\frac{3}{2}{A}_{2}+\frac{1}{2}{B}_{2},{K}_{2}\)

The relation between \(K _1\) and \(K _2\) is :

a

\({K}_{1}^{2}=2{K}_{2}\)

b

\({K}_{2}=\frac{{K}_{1}}{2}\)

c

\({K}_{1}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{{K}_{2}}}\)

d

\({K}_{2}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{{K}_{1}}}\)

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Q16
PYQ

Consider the equilibrium

\(CO(g)+3{H}_{2}(g)⇌C{H}_{4}(g)+{H}_{2}O(g)\)

If the pressure applied over the system increases by two fold at constant temperature then
(A) Concentration of reactants and products increases.
(B) Equilibrium will shift in forward direction.
(C) Equilibrium constant increases since concentration of products increases.
(D) Equilibrium constant remains unchanged as concentration of reactants and products remain same.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below

a

(A) and (B) only

b

(B) and (C) only

c

(A), (B) and (C) only

d

(A), (B) and (D) only

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Q17
PYQ

Ice and water are placed in a closed container at a pressure at 1 atm and temperature 273.15 K .
If the pressure of the container increases 2 times and the temperature is kept constant, than identify the correct observation from the following.

a

The amount of ice decreases

b

Volume of system increases

c

Liquid phase disappear completely

d

Solid phase (ice) disappear completely

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Q18
PYQ

pH of water is 7 at 25 degree celsius. If water is heated to 80 degree celsius, it's pH will:

a

Increase

b

Hydrogen ion concentration increases, hydroxyl ion concentration decreases

c

Decrease

d

Remains the same

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Q19
PYQ

A weak acid HA has degree of dissociation x. Which option gives the correct expression of (\(\mathrm{pH}-{\mathrm{pk}}_{\mathrm{b}}\))

(Memory-based Question 28/ Jan/25 morning shift )

a

0

b

\((\log \left(1+2x)\right)\)

c

\(\log \left(\frac{x}{1-x}\right)\)

d

\(\log \left(\frac{1-x}{x}\right)\)

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Q20
PYQ

The ratio of solubility of \(AgCl\) in \(0.1 M ~KCl\) solution to the solubility of \(AgCl\) in water is
(Given : Solubility product of \(AgCl =10^{-10}\) )

[Re-NEET 2024]

a

\({10}^{-4}\)

b

\({10}^{-6}\)

c

\({10}^{-9}\)

d

\({10}^{-5}\)

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Q21
PYQ

Consider the given following reaction

\({\mathrm{X}}_{2}\mathrm{Y}(\mathrm{s})⇌{\mathrm{X}}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+1/2{\mathrm{Y}}_{2}(\mathrm{g}).\mathrm{If}\alpha\) is the degree of dissociation. Calculate \({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}\)in the terms of P total pressure. (Memory Based JEE Mains 23/01/2025 ,Shift -2)

a

\({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}=\frac{2{\mathrm{P}}^{3/2}}{{3}^{3/2}}\)

b

\({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}=\frac{2{\mathrm{P}}^{3/2}}{3}\)

c

\({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}=\sqrt{\frac{2\mathrm{P}}{3}}\)

d

\({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}\mathrm{P}}{3}\)

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Q22
PYQ

\({K}_{sp}\) for \(Cr(OH{)}_{3}\) is \(1.6\times {10}^{-30}\). What is the molar solubility of this salt in water?

a

\(\frac{1.8\times {10}^{-30}}{27}\)

b

\(\sqrt[4]{\frac{1.6\times {10}^{-30}}{27}}\)

c

\(\sqrt[2]{1.6\times {10}^{-30}}\)

d

\(\sqrt[5]{1.8\times {10}^{-30}}\)

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Q23
PYQ

Ice and water are placed in a closed container at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature 273.15 K . If pressure of the system is increased 2 times, keeping temperature constant, then identify correct observation from following

[JEE Main 2025, 28 Jan (Shift 1)]

a

Liquid phase disappears completely.

b

The amount of ice decreases.

c

The solid phase (ice) disappears completely.

d

Volume of system increases .

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Q24
PYQ

Arrange the following in increasing order of solubility product : \(Ca(OH{)}_{2},AgBr,PbS,HgS\)

a

\(PbS

b

\(HgS

c

\(Ca(OH{)}_{2}

d

\(HgS

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Q25
PYQ

At temperature T, compound \(A{B}_{2(g)}\) dissociates as \(A{B}_{2(g)}⇌AB(g)+\frac{1}{2}{B}_{2(g)}\) having degree of dissociation x (small compared to unity). The correct expression for x in terms of \({K}_{p}\) and p is

a

\(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2{K}_{p}^{2}}{p}}\)

b

\(\sqrt{{K}_{p}}\)

c

\(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2{K}_{p}}{p}}\)

d

\(\sqrt[4]{\frac{2{K}_{p}}{p}}\)

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Q26
PYQ

What will be the effect on pH of water when it is heated

a

Increases

b

Decrease

c

Remains same

d

pH increses and then decreses

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Q27
PYQ

Which among the following salt solutions is basic in nature?

a

Ammonium sulphate

b

Ammonium nitrate

c

Sodium acetate

d

Ammonium chloride

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Q28
PYQ

Find out the solubility of \( \mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \) in 0.1M NaOH. Given that the ionic product of \( \mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \) is \( 2 \times 10^{-15} \)

a

\( 2 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{M} \)

b

\( 1 \times 10^{-13} M \)

c

\( 1 \times 10^{8} \mathrm{M} \)

d

\( 2 \times 10^{-13} \mathrm{M} \)

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Q29
PYQ

\( \mathrm{PCl}_{5}, \mathrm{PCl}_{3} \) and \( \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \) are at equilibrium at \( 500 \mathrm{~K} \) in a closed container and their concentrations are \( 0.8 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~L}^{-1}, 1.2 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~L}^{-1} \) and \( 1.2 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~L}^{-1} \) respectively. The value of \( K_{c} \) for the reaction \( \mathrm{PCl}_{5}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{PCl}_{3}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \) will be

a

\( 1.8 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~L}^{-1} \)

b

\( 1.8 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~L}^{-1} \)

c

\( 1.8 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~L} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \)

d

\( 0.55 \times 10^{4} \mathrm{~L} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \)

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